Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Phlebitis is the most common complication that patients may contract while on IV therapy. Phlebitis is the inflammation of the vein where the IV is inserted, which can cause redness, pain, and swelling along the vein. It can be caused by mechanical irritation, chemical irritation, or infection from the IV catheter. Prompt removal of the IV catheter and appropriate treatment are necessary to manage phlebitis and prevent further complications. While embolism, cardiac overload, and aneurysm are potential complications of IV therapy, phlebitis is more commonly seen in clinical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct practice in this situation would be to have a dedicated fire extinguisher in every strategic location throughout the hospital. Having fire extinguishers readily available in key areas ensures that they can be accessed quickly in case of a fire emergency. Placing one fire extinguisher between two units may not be sufficient as it may not be easily accessible in the event of a fire. Fire extinguishers should not be replaced with fire sensors as these serve different functions. Additionally, borrowing fire extinguishers may not be a safe or reliable practice, as they should be properly maintained and placed according to safety standards. Therefore, having dedicated fire extinguishers in every strategic location is the best practice to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals in the hospital.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ramsay Hunt syndrome is caused by the varicella-zoster virus affecting the geniculate ganglion, leading to a triad of symptoms known as the Hunt syndrome: facial paralysis, ear pain, and a vesicular rash in the ear or palate. The facial paralysis in Ramsay Hunt syndrome is usually peripheral, similar to Bell's palsy, but may be more severe. In addition to facial paralysis, the patient may have the inability to close the eye on the affected side (lagophthalmos) and loss of taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue due to involvement of the chorda tympani nerve. This differentiation is important to consider in the context of our patient's presentation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary responsibility for obtaining informed consent lies with the surgeon who will be performing the procedure. Informed consent is a process where the healthcare provider explains the procedure, benefits, risks, and alternatives to the patient, allowing them to make an informed decision about their care. While other healthcare team members may also participate in this process, the ultimate responsibility typically rests with the surgeon as they are the one performing the surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The public health nurse's participation in the essential services that are relevant and accessible to the family and the community includes informing, educating, and empowering the people about health. This is a critical aspect of the role of a public health nurse as it involves engaging with individuals and communities to provide them with accurate information about health promotion, disease prevention, and access to healthcare services. By informing, educating, and empowering the people about health, public health nurses can help individuals and communities make informed decisions about their health and well-being, leading to improved health outcomes and overall community health.