Nursing Process Test Bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Actual nursing diagnosis. An actual nursing diagnosis is validated by the presence of major defining characteristics, which are signs and symptoms that support the diagnosis. This helps to differentiate it from other types of diagnoses such as risk, possible, or wellness diagnoses. Risk nursing diagnoses predict potential problems, possible nursing diagnoses lack sufficient data for validation, and wellness diagnoses focus on promoting health rather than addressing current health issues. Therefore, only the actual nursing diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of observable defining characteristics.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pneumonia Carnii. Pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are commonly caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (previously known as Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia. This opportunistic infection targets the lungs of immunocompromised individuals, leading to severe respiratory issues. Kaposi's Sarcoma (A) is a cancer commonly seen in AIDS patients but does not directly cause pulmonary complications. Filterable Virus (C) is a vague term and not a known cause of pulmonary issues in AIDS patients. Staphylococcus bacteria (D) can cause infections in AIDS patients but is less common than Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in causing pulmonary complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) system is not designed to help medical students determine the cost of care. The NIC system focuses on standardizing and categorizing nursing interventions to improve communication, documentation, and patient care. Choice B is incorrect because it correctly identifies one of the benefits of using the NIC system - enhancing communication among nurses. Choice C is incorrect because it suggests a valid use of the NIC system for organizing orientation and explaining nursing interventions. Choice D is incorrect because it accurately states that the NIC system can improve documentation in the electronic health record, which is one of its purposes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased calcium level. Parathyroid hormone functions to increase blood calcium levels. When calcium levels are low, the parathyroid gland releases PTH to stimulate the release of calcium from bones and increase calcium absorption from the intestines and kidneys. This helps to maintain normal calcium levels in the blood. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because decreased phosphate level, functioning thyroid gland, and adequate vitamin D level are not direct requirements for the action of parathyroid hormone.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because crushing or breaking tablets can alter the medication's effectiveness or cause harm. Step 1: Consult a physician or pharmacist ensures safety and effectiveness. Step 2: This step helps in determining if the medication can be safely altered for easier swallowing. Step 3: Using liquid form (B) may not always be an option. Mixing with food (A) can affect absorption. ROM exercises (D) are unrelated to medication administration.