Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The occurrence of rabies at irregular intervals scattered in particular places indicates a sporadic pattern. Sporadic diseases are those that occur infrequently and irregularly in a population. These diseases do not have a consistent pattern of occurrence and are not confined to a specific geographic area or population group. In this case, the cases of rabies being reported at irregular intervals and scattered in particular places suggest a sporadic distribution rather than an endemic (constantly present in a population), epidemic (sudden increase in cases in a specific population), or pandemic (global spread of a disease) pattern.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The given patient's symptoms of chest pain that occurs during heavy lifting or physical exertion and is relieved by rest are consistent with stable angina. Stable angina is characterized by predictable chest pain that occurs with exertion and is typically relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. The transient ST-segment depression on ECG is also a common finding in patients with stable angina, which reflects myocardial ischemia during episodes of chest pain triggered by exertion. In contrast, unstable angina is characterized by chest pain at rest or with minimal exertion that is of increasing frequency, severity, or duration. Acute myocardial infarction is associated with persistent ST-segment elevation or new Q-waves on ECG, and Prinzmetal's angina is characterized by chest pain at rest due to coronary artery spasm rather than exertion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's role in interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for providing comprehensive and effective patient care. By actively participating in healthcare team meetings, the nurse should listen attentively to the input of other team members, contribute their expertise, and share relevant information about the patient's condition. Collaboration involves working together towards shared goals, pooling knowledge and resources, and fostering mutual respect among team members. The nurse's active involvement in the care planning process helps ensure coordinated and patient-centered care delivery. This approach enhances communication, improves outcomes, and promotes a holistic approach to patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presentation described in the question (sensation of fullness and pressure in the left ear, hearing loss, occasional tinnitus, retracted tympanic membrane with decreased mobility on pneumatic otoscopy) is suggestive of serous otitis media, also known as otitis media with effusion. Serous otitis media occurs when fluid accumulates in the middle ear without signs of infection. This buildup of fluid in the middle ear space can cause the tympanic membrane to retract and reduce its mobility on pneumatic otoscopy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to explore Ella's feelings further when she expresses thoughts of wishing to be dead and struggling with not having someone around. These statements indicate that Ella may be experiencing emotional distress or depression, which require immediate attention. By exploring Ella's feelings, the nurse can assess the severity of her emotional state, provide appropriate support, and potentially prevent any harm or self-harm. It is crucial to address and validate her emotions, as well as to initiate necessary interventions to ensure her safety and well-being.