Contemporary Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nurse practice acts are written and passed by legislators. This is because nurse practice acts are laws that govern the scope of practice for nurses, outlining their responsibilities, licensure requirements, and standards of care. Legislators create and pass these acts to ensure public safety and regulate the nursing profession. Choice B is incorrect because special interest groups can influence legislation. Choice C is incorrect as nurse practice acts also apply to other types of nurses, not just RNs. Choice D is incorrect as dentist practices are governed by separate laws and regulations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Child abuse. Nurses are mandated reporters of child abuse, meaning they are legally required to report any suspected or witnessed cases to the appropriate authorities. Failure to report can result in fines and imprisonment. Child abuse is a serious issue that requires immediate intervention to protect the safety and well-being of the child. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Animal abuse - While animal abuse is also a serious concern, nurses are not legally required to report it in the same way as child abuse. C: Alcohol abuse - Nurses may provide assistance and support for individuals struggling with alcohol abuse, but it is not a mandatory reporting requirement. D: Infant abuse - While abuse of infants falls under the category of child abuse, the specific term "infant abuse" is not a separate reporting requirement for nurses.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because during the impact/response stage of a disaster, the main focus is on initiating immediate response activities to address the immediate needs of individuals affected by the disaster. This includes activities such as search and rescue, providing medical care, and establishing emergency shelters. Choice A is incorrect because community awareness and anticipation of disasters typically occur during the preparedness phase, not the impact/response stage. Choice B is incorrect because determining the effectiveness of DMAT is more relevant to the recovery phase of a disaster, not the immediate response phase. Choice C is incorrect because the all-hazards approach refers to a comprehensive strategy for addressing various types of disasters, but it does not specifically relate to the activities carried out during the impact/response stage of a disaster.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most effective nursing leadership style in a crisis like this is democratic. In this situation, collaboration and input from all team members are essential for quick decision-making and effective communication. Democratic leadership promotes teamwork, empowers staff, and fosters open communication, leading to better coordination and outcomes. Autocratic leadership may hinder staff engagement and morale. Laissez-faire lacks direction and may result in chaos during a crisis. Referent leadership focuses on personal relationships rather than team dynamics, not the most effective approach in this urgent situation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Many younger workers prioritize professional advancement and flexible work hours over longevity. Step 2: This mindset leads them to change institutions to achieve their career goals. Step 3: The nurse learns about this behavior during the committee meeting. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is D as it aligns with the behavior and motivations of younger nurses. Summary: A: Encouraging older nurses to retire is age discrimination and does not address retention issues. B: Magnet hospitals attract nurses with benefits, but lack of autonomy is not the primary reason for retention issues. C: Multitasking preferences do not directly relate to recruitment and retention challenges.