Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Filipinos have generally low awareness about osteoporosis. Despite the increasing number of cases in the country, many Filipinos still lack knowledge about the disease and its risk factors. Osteoporosis is a significant health concern in the Philippines, especially among the elderly population, but there is still a need for more education and awareness campaigns to improve prevention and management strategies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by the poxvirus. It typically presents as multiple, flesh-colored, dome-shaped papules with a central umbilication (dimple or depression in the center) on the skin. These lesions are often found on the trunk and extremities and can persist for several months. Molluscum contagiosum is commonly seen in children but can also occur in adults, especially those with weakened immune systems. The lesions are usually asymptomatic but can become inflamed or itchy in some cases. Treatment options include observation, topical therapies, cryotherapy, or curettage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is a type of thyroid cancer that arises from follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It often presents as a thyroid nodule that can cause symptoms of compression due to its enlarging size. The compression symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing and breathing in this case, occur when the thyroid nodule becomes large enough to press on adjacent structures in the neck. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy can confirm the presence of malignant cells with nuclear features typical of papillary thyroid carcinoma, further supporting the diagnosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Postpartum hemorrhage is a serious complication that can occur within the first 24 hours after childbirth. It is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Therefore, during the immediate postpartum period, the first priority nursing intervention should be focused on observing for signs and symptoms of postpartum hemorrhage, such as excessive bleeding, abnormal vital signs, and changes in uterine tone. Early detection and prompt intervention can prevent severe complications and save the mother's life. Monitoring urinary output, taking vital signs, and checking level of responsiveness are important aspects of postpartum care but observing for postpartum hemorrhage takes precedence due to its critical nature.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient expresses concern about a medication looking different from what they had taken before, it is crucial for the nurse to verify the original prescription to ensure that the correct medication is being administered. Checking the original medication prescription will help the nurse confirm if there have been any changes or errors in the medication orders. This step is essential for patient safety and to prevent any potential medication errors. It is important to prioritize patient safety and well-being in such situations, and verifying the prescription is the appropriate action to take in this case.