Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Possessing a body of knowledge is an important element that characterizes nursing as a profession. Nursing is a field that requires specialized education, training, and expertise in various areas of healthcare. Nurses are expected to have a comprehensive understanding of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and various nursing theories and practices to effectively care for patients. This body of knowledge distinguishes nursing as a profession and supports the delivery of high-quality, evidence-based patient care. While the other options (having members, being service-oriented, and a calling) are also important aspects of nursing, possessing a body of knowledge is fundamental to the profession's identity and practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute pyelonephritis is the most likely condition based on the patient presentation and urinalysis findings described. Acute pyelonephritis is an infection of the renal parenchyma and pelvis, typically caused by ascending bacteria from the lower urinary tract. The classic symptoms include fever, chills, flank pain, and costovertebral angle tenderness (tenderness over the kidneys). The presence of pyuria (pus in the urine) and bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine) on urinalysis further supports the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. It is crucial to diagnose and treat acute pyelonephritis promptly to prevent complications and recurrent infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The past medical history section typically includes information about a person's medical background before the current point in time. This would involve details such as prenatal history, birth history, childhood illnesses, surgeries, and medical conditions that have occurred in the past. "Current history" would be more appropriate for the present medical status and ongoing health issues, hence it does not belong in the past medical history section.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A dental abscess is a condition characterized by inflammation and infection of the soft tissues surrounding the apex of a tooth root. This infection can result from untreated dental decay, trauma to the tooth, or periodontal disease. The abscess can cause pain, swelling, redness, and even pus formation. Treatment typically involves draining the abscess, removing the source of infection, and possibly prescribing antibiotics to address the infection. If left untreated, a dental abscess can lead to serious complications and spread to other parts of the body.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bronze baby syndrome is the term used to describe the transient discoloration of a baby's skin while undergoing phototherapy treatment for jaundice. This phenomenon typically occurs in preterm infants and is believed to be caused by the breakdown of bilirubin into colored pigments during phototherapy. The discoloration can range from a bronze or brownish color to a grayish-green hue. One key characteristic of bronze baby syndrome is that the discoloration is reversible once phototherapy is complete and does not indicate any underlying health concerns. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of this phenomenon to avoid unnecessary interventions or alarm to the caregivers.