Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: inadequate supply of oxygen to the myocardium. Angina pectoris is chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This lack of oxygenated blood supply to the myocardium leads to ischemia, resulting in the characteristic chest pain. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a decrease in alveolar surface area for gas exchange, which is related to conditions like emphysema, not angina. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains to pulmonary circulation, not coronary circulation. Choice D is incorrect as an increase in alveolar surface area would not be a cause of angina pectoris.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. If the dose is too high, it can lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). This is because an excess of thyroid hormone can increase the heart rate. Dysuria (choice A) is not a common adverse effect of levothyroxine. Leg cramps (choice C) are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances. Blurred vision (choice D) is not a typical adverse effect of levothyroxine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a poultice of sodium bicarbonate and water can help neutralize the venom and reduce pain from wasp and bee bites. Sodium bicarbonate has alkaline properties that can counteract the acidic venom. Option B is incorrect as household ammonia can cause skin irritation and should not be applied to insect bites. Option C is incorrect because only option A is a safe and effective treatment for wasp and bee bites. Option D is incorrect as there is a suitable emergency treatment available.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypocalcemia. The parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the body. Without them, calcium levels will drop, leading to hypocalcemia. A: Hypomagnesemia is incorrect because magnesium levels are not directly regulated by the parathyroid glands. B: Hyperkalemia and C: Hypernatremia are incorrect as they are not typically associated with parathyroid gland removal. In summary, the removal of parathyroid glands would result in hypocalcemia due to the disruption of calcium regulation in the body.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient to describe the type of reaction. First, the nurse needs to assess the severity of the latex allergy to determine the appropriate interventions. Understanding the type of reaction can help guide treatment and prevent future exposure. Isolating the patient (choice A) is not necessary unless there is a severe reaction. Terminating the interview (choice C) prematurely is not appropriate as crucial information may be missed. Documenting the allergy (choice D) is important but not as urgent as assessing the reaction type.