Midwifery Test Questions

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fever. Physiologic stress ulcers are often associated with systemic stress response, leading to an increase in body temperature. Fever is an early sign of stress-related ulcers before other symptoms like epigastric pain or hemorrhage manifest. Change in mental status is more indicative of neurological issues rather than stress ulcers. Epigastric pain typically occurs after the ulcer has progressed, and hemorrhage is a severe complication of untreated stress ulcers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypergastrinemia and acid hypersecretion. Gastrinoma is a tumor that secretes excessive gastrin, leading to elevated gastrin levels. High gastrin levels stimulate acid secretion in the stomach, resulting in acid hypersecretion. Therefore, the combination of hypergastrinemia and acid hypersecretion is almost diagnostic of gastrinoma. A: Hypogastrinemia and acid hyposecretion is incorrect because gastrinoma leads to increased gastrin levels and subsequent acid hypersecretion. B: Hypergastrinemia and acid hyposecretion is incorrect because gastrinoma is associated with acid hypersecretion, not hyposecretion. C: Hypogastrinemia and acid hypersecretion is incorrect because gastrinoma causes elevated gastrin levels and acid hypersecretion, not hypogastrinemia. In summary, the correct answer D aligns with the pathophysiology of gastrinoma, while the

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement about shoulder dystocia is A: It�s an impaction of the anterior shoulder after delivery of the head. This is accurate as shoulder dystocia occurs when the anterior shoulder becomes impacted behind the maternal pubic symphysis. This can lead to difficulty delivering the shoulders after the head is delivered. B is incorrect as shoulder dystocia involves the anterior shoulder, not the posterior. C is incorrect as shoulder dystocia is not related to compound presentation. D is incorrect as shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency that requires prompt intervention to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Transient tachypnea of the newborn is characterized by rapid respirations due to delayed reabsorption of fetal lung fluid. Step 2: Rapid respirations of up to 120/minute is a common clinical feature seen in newborns with transient tachypnea. Step 3: This rapid breathing pattern distinguishes it from other conditions. Step 4: Marked recession of the rib cage is more indicative of respiratory distress syndrome. Step 5: Transient tachypnea can occur in both normal and cesarean deliveries, so choice C is incorrect. Step 6: Diminished respirations of less than 40/minute would not be expected in transient tachypnea. Summary: Choice A is correct because rapid respirations are a key clinical feature of transient tachypnea, while the other choices do not align with its characteristic presentation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (GCS of 3 to 8 and hypotension) because hypotension is not a specific indication for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring according to the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines. The rationale is that hypotension is a systemic issue affecting overall perfusion, whereas ICP monitoring is specifically for assessing intracranial dynamics. A, C, and D are incorrect choices because they all involve conditions that could potentially indicate increased intracranial pressure and the need for monitoring. A) Abnormal head CT indicates structural brain injury, C) age > 40 is a risk factor for poor outcomes after traumatic brain injury, and D) bradycardia can be a sign of increased ICP affecting brainstem function. Therefore, these conditions warrant ICP monitoring according to guidelines.