Adult Health Nursing Test Banks

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: After childbirth, the uterus undergoes involution, which is the process of returning to its pre-pregnant size and location. Initially, the fundus is firm and located at or just below the level of the umbilicus immediately after delivery. Over the next 24 hours, the fundus should gradually decrease in height as involution progresses. By the day after delivery, the nurse would expect the fundal assessment to be in line with the umbilicus or slightly below it, indicating normal involution of the uterus. If the fundus remains high or deviates from this expected progression, further assessment and intervention may be needed to prevent complications such as postpartum hemorrhage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Introducing solid food to a three-month-old baby is considered a poor healthcare attitude as it goes against the recommended guidelines for infant feeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other health authorities suggest exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life, followed by the introduction of safe and appropriate complementary foods. Introducing solid food too early can increase the risk of food allergies, obesity, and other health issues in babies. Therefore, a young mother introducing solid food to her three-month-old baby is evidence of a poor family coping index related to healthcare attitudes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The right to anonymity is the basic human right that exists when the subject's identity cannot be linked, even by the researcher, with his or her individual responses. Anonymity ensures that individuals can freely express their thoughts, opinions, and experiences without fear of being identified or facing any consequences. It is crucial in research to protect the privacy and confidentiality of participants, build trust, and encourage honest responses. Anonymity is a fundamental ethical principle in research to safeguard the rights and well-being of participants.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most effective strategy in preventing more incidence of dengue infection is to target the breeding places of the Aedes mosquitoes, which are the vectors responsible for transmitting the dengue virus. By eliminating stagnant water sources where these mosquitoes breed, such as uncovered containers, flower pots, and discarded tires, the mosquito population can be significantly reduced. This, in turn, helps to lower the risk of dengue transmission to humans. While healthy nutritious food, burning of leaves and garbage, and adequate rest and sleep are important for overall health and immune function, they do not directly address the primary cause of dengue transmission, which is the Aedes mosquito population.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The presentation of a patient with diabetes mellitus showing symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia, and fatigue along with laboratory findings of hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and ketonuria is indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis. The increased glucose levels lead to glycosuria, causing osmotic diuresis resulting in polyuria, polydipsia, and nocturia. The body starts breaking down fats for energy in the absence of sufficient insulin, leading to the production of ketones causing ketonuria. The patient may also experience fatigue due to the metabolic abnormalities present in DKA.