Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: One of the main consequences of hypoxemia, which is low oxygen levels in the blood, is decreased oxygen saturation. Oxygen saturation refers to the percentage of hemoglobin molecules in the blood that are bound to oxygen. When there is insufficient oxygen in the blood due to hypoxemia, the oxygen saturation levels will drop. This can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, confusion, rapid heart rate, and ultimately can result in tissue damage if not corrected promptly. Monitoring oxygen saturation levels is crucial in the immediate post-operative phase to ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation for the patient's recovery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Baby Sharon's APGAR score can be determined by assessing five criteria: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. Each criteria is given a score of 0, 1, or 2 points, with 2 being the highest score.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ensuring the availability of emergency equipment and resuscitation medications is crucial to prioritize patient safety during a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) procedure. TEE involves inserting a specialized probe (transducer) into the esophagus to obtain detailed images of the heart. While complications during TEE are rare, they can include adverse reactions to sedation, esophageal injury, arrhythmias, or other cardiac events. By having emergency equipment and resuscitation medications readily available, the healthcare team can respond promptly to any unforeseen complications or emergencies that may arise during the procedure, ensuring optimal patient safety. Placing the patient in a supine position, providing sedation, and advising the patient to fast before the procedure are important aspects of the TEE process; however, ensuring emergency preparedness takes precedence in prioritizing patient safety during the procedure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Endometriosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. One common symptom of endometriosis is excessive menstrual bleeding, known as menorrhagia. This excessive bleeding is due to the presence of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations, leading to inflammation, scarring, and blood accumulation. In severe cases, endometriosis can lead to the formation of adhesions, cysts, and scar tissue, causing significant pain and fertility issues for affected individuals. Endometrial hyperplasia, leiomyomas (uterine fibroids), and adenomyosis are other gynecological conditions, but they do not involve the abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus like endometriosis does.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Administering systemic analgesia, such as pain medications or anesthesia, before the wound debridement procedure is the most effective way to minimize patient discomfort. These medications will help manage and reduce the pain experienced by the patient during the procedure, making it more tolerable for them. Topical anesthetic cream may provide some localized relief but may not be sufficient for significant pain management during a wound debridement procedure. Using sharp debridement techniques or performing the procedure quickly may help reduce manipulation or duration, respectively, but these actions alone may not adequately address the patient's pain and discomfort. Administering systemic analgesia ensures that the patient's overall pain is managed, promoting a more comfortable and successful wound debridement procedure.