ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Phenytoin is to brush and floss their teeth regularly. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, a condition that affects the gums. By maintaining good oral hygiene practices such as regular brushing and flossing, the client can help minimize the risk of developing this side effect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels). A potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is elevated and should be reported to the provider for further evaluation and management to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is the 32-year-old man with essential hypertension. Individuals who did not receive two doses of the varicella vaccine earlier in life should be immunized. Essential hypertension is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine. Administering the vaccine to pregnant women, individuals with severe neomycin allergies, or infants is contraindicated.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Yellow-tinged vision is a potential adverse effect of Digoxin and may indicate toxicity. Clients should be instructed to report this symptom promptly to the healthcare provider to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a client starts taking amitriptyline, an important adverse effect to monitor for is urinary retention. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that can cause anticholinergic effects, including urinary retention. It is crucial to educate the client on recognizing and reporting this adverse effect to their healthcare provider.