hesi health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Objective. Objective data in a physical assessment refers to measurable and observable information obtained through physical examination, laboratory tests, and diagnostic procedures. This type of data is crucial as it is based on facts and can be quantified. Subjective data (A) is based on the patient's feelings and experiences, while patient-centered (B) refers to care that is tailored to the individual's preferences. Diagnostic (D) data refers to information obtained through tests to determine a specific condition, which is different from the general data collected during a physical assessment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: A high-fat meal. After gastric resection, high-fat meals are likely to cause rapid gastric emptying due to the delayed gastric emptying effect of fats. Fats take longer to digest compared to other nutrients, leading to slower emptying of the stomach contents. This can result in rapid emptying of the stomach post-resection. A: A high-protein meal does not necessarily cause rapid gastric emptying as proteins are digested at a moderate pace. B: A large meal regardless of nutrient content may lead to slower gastric emptying due to the increased volume. C: A high-carbohydrate meal can promote quicker gastric emptying, but it is not as likely to cause rapid emptying as high-fat meals post-gastric resection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because promoting health in the client is essential in achieving high-level wellness. Nurses play a crucial role in educating, empowering, and supporting clients in making healthy lifestyle choices. By promoting health, nurses help clients prevent illness, maintain optimal well-being, and improve their overall quality of life. Encouraging appointment attendance (choice A) is important but not solely focused on wellness promotion. Providing information on alternative treatments (choice B) is valuable but may not directly contribute to high-level wellness. Providing good client care (choice D) is a fundamental nursing responsibility, but it does not specifically address the promotion of health and wellness.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Objective. During a physical assessment, the nurse gathers data through observation and measurement, such as vital signs and physical appearance, which are objective and measurable. This type of data is based on facts rather than opinions or interpretations, making it reliable for assessing the client's health status. Patient-centered data (A) refers to information focused on the client's perspective, subjective data (B) is based on the client's symptoms or feelings, and unconfirmed data (C) lacks validation or evidence, making them unreliable for making clinical decisions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Every 24 hours) because TPN solutions are at high risk for contamination, making it crucial to change the tubing frequently to prevent infection. Changing the tubing every 24 hours helps maintain sterility and reduces the risk of microbial growth. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because prolonging the tubing change interval increases the likelihood of bacterial colonization and poses a higher risk of infection for the patient receiving TPN. It is essential to adhere to the recommended 24-hour tubing change frequency to ensure patient safety and minimize the potential for complications.