Growth and Development Exam

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Practice effects refer to the phenomenon where participants in a longitudinal study show improvement in test performance over time due to becoming familiar with the tasks or test materials. This can be considered a limitation as it may distort the results by showing an artificial improvement rather than a true developmental change.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Stress hormones during labor and delivery actually help arouse the infant into alertness. These hormones can promote the infant's readiness to adapt to the new environment outside the womb.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Freud's theory was the first to stress the influence of the early parent���‚��€™child relationship on development. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized the importance of the child's interactions with caregivers, particularly during the early stages of development, in shaping personality and behavior.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lillian, who uses flowcharts to map precise steps individuals use to solve problems and complete tasks, is likely an information-processing theorist. Information-processing theorists focus on how people take in, store, and retrieve information to solve problems and make decisions, which aligns with Lillian's use of flowcharts to map out problem-solving steps.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correlation of +.49 indicates a moderate strength of relationship between illegal drug use and levels of adolescent delinquency. The positive correlation indicates that as one variable (illegal drug use) increases, the other variable (adolescent delinquency) also tends to increase.