Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Test Bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patient has the right to demand that information, records, and communications pertaining to their care be kept confidential under the Right to Privacy and Confidentiality as outlined in the Patient's Bill of Rights. However, financial status is generally not considered part of the confidential medical information and may not fall under the same level of protection as personal health information. Therefore, the patient cannot demand that their financial status be treated as confidential under this particular right.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Smoking is a harmful habit that is known to contribute to a variety of health problems, including heart disease, lung disease, and cancer. Smoking does not provide any benefits for Alzheimer's patients and, in fact, can worsen the condition due to its negative impact on overall health. Therefore, smoking does not help improve Alzheimer's and may exacerbate the symptoms and complications associated with the disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: NSAIDs are known to increase the risk of gastrointestinal complications, particularly gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, and perforation. This risk is higher in patients who are elderly, have a history of peptic ulcer disease, are taking high doses of NSAIDs, or are using them for a prolonged period. It is important for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as abdominal pain, black or tarry stools, vomiting blood, and anemia. Prompt identification and management of these complications are essential to prevent serious consequences. Monitoring for gastrointestinal adverse effects is crucial when a patient is prescribed NSAIDs for managing conditions like osteoarthritis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bronchoscopy is a procedure that allows direct visualization of the inside of the airways in the lungs. It is considered the most definitive method to establish a diagnosis of lung cancer as it can directly visualize any abnormal growths or tumors in the bronchial tubes. During bronchoscopy, tissue samples can be collected for biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. This procedure is more accurate compared to other diagnostic methods such as chest x-ray, CT scan, cytological study of sputum, or magnetic resonance imaging in confirming a diagnosis of lung cancer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pre-eclampsia is a serious condition that can occur during pregnancy, usually after 20 weeks gestation. It is important to screen for pre-eclampsia early in the pregnancy to monitor and manage the condition effectively. Screening for pre-eclampsia typically begins in the first trimester of pregnancy to identify any risk factors and provide appropriate care for the patient. Therefore, Nurse Vera informing the patient to get screened for pre-eclampsia in the first term of pregnancy is the most appropriate time to start monitoring for this condition.