microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank

Questions 80

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

Bacteria that have a single polar flagellum at one end are referred to as:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Monotrichous means having a single flagellum at one end. 2. The term "polar" indicates that the flagellum is located at one end of the bacterium. 3. Therefore, bacteria with a single polar flagellum are referred to as monotrichous. 4. Choice A is a typo, as it is the same as the correct answer B. Summary: - Choice A is a typo, as it duplicates the correct answer. - Choice C, amphitrichous, refers to bacteria with a flagellum at each end. - Choice D, peritrichous, describes bacteria with flagella distributed over the entire surface.

Question 2 of 5

A child with fever and swollen lymph nodes had a Gram-stained smear revealing Gram-negative rods with a safety pin appearance. What is the causative agent?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Yersinia pestis. This bacterium causes the plague, which presents with fever and swollen lymph nodes. The safety pin appearance on Gram stain is characteristic of Yersinia pestis. B: Francisella tularensis causes tularemia, which presents differently and does not show safety pin appearance on Gram stain. C: Brucella abortus causes brucellosis, which does not typically present with the same symptoms as described in the question. D: Clostridium botulinum causes botulism, which does not show safety pin appearance on Gram stain and does not typically present with fever and swollen lymph nodes.

Question 3 of 5

The enzyme required for replication of viral RNA is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This enzyme is required for replicating viral RNA due to its ability to catalyze the synthesis of RNA using an RNA template. Reverse transcriptase (A) is used to transcribe RNA into DNA, not replicate viral RNA. DNA polymerase (B) is used for replicating DNA, not RNA. Ligase (D) is involved in joining DNA fragments, not in replicating viral RNA. Therefore, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is the only enzyme that specifically performs the function required for replicating viral RNA.

Question 4 of 5

The immunity in syphilis is:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because immunity in syphilis is nonsterile, meaning that individuals who have been infected may still carry the bacteria and be capable of transmitting the disease. This is due to the ability of the bacterium causing syphilis, Treponema pallidum, to evade the immune system by hiding within host cells. Option B, antitoxic, is incorrect because syphilis is not caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, but rather by the bacterium itself. Option C, humoral, is also incorrect as syphilis immunity involves both humoral (antibody-mediated) and cell-mediated immune responses, not solely humoral immunity. Option D is incorrect as it includes all three options, whereas in reality, the immunity in syphilis is primarily nonsterile.

Question 5 of 5

Which statements is NOT CORRECT: Treponema pallidum can be cultivated on:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Artificial food media. Treponema pallidum is a fastidious bacterium that cannot be cultivated on artificial food media due to its complex nutritional requirements. It can be cultivated on cell lines and intratesticular in rabbits. Therefore, option A is incorrect. Option B and C are correct.

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