Asymmetric BPs are seen in which of the following conditions?- Skildor

Question 1 of 5

Asymmetric BPs are seen in which of the following conditions?

A. Coronary artery disease B. Congenital narrowing of the aorta C. Diffuse atherosclerosis D. Vasculitis, as seen in systemic lupus erythematosus

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asymmetric blood pressures (BPs) refer to a significant difference in blood pressures between the two arms. This is commonly seen in conditions like congenital narrowing of the aorta, also known as coarctation of the aorta. In this condition, there is a localized narrowing of the aorta, leading to higher blood pressure in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities. This results in a significant asymmetry in blood pressure readings between the arms. It is crucial to identify this sign as it can have important diagnostic and treatment implications.

Question 2 of 5

Mrs. Patton, a 48-year-old woman, comes to your office with a complaint of a breast mass. Without any other information, what is the risk of this mass being cancerous?

A. About 10% B. About 20% C. About 30% D. About 40%

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a woman over the age of 40 presents with a breast mass, the risk of the mass being cancerous is around 40%. This risk is higher in older women compared to younger women. It is important for Mrs. Patton to undergo further evaluation, which may include imaging tests, a biopsy, and consultation with a specialist to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment. It is crucial to address breast masses promptly to ensure timely management and optimal outcomes.

Question 3 of 5

Asymmetric BPs are seen in which of the following conditions?

A. Coronary artery disease B. Congenital narrowing of the aorta C. Diffuse atherosclerosis D. Vasculitis, as seen in systemic lupus erythematosus

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asymmetric blood pressures (BPs) refer to a significant difference in blood pressures between the two arms. This is commonly seen in conditions like congenital narrowing of the aorta, also known as coarctation of the aorta. In this condition, there is a localized narrowing of the aorta, leading to higher blood pressure in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities. This results in a significant asymmetry in blood pressure readings between the arms. It is crucial to identify this sign as it can have important diagnostic and treatment implications.

Question 4 of 5

A 25-year-old accountant presents to your clinic, complaining of intermittent lower right- sided chest pain for several days. He describes it as knifelike and states it only lasts for 3 to 5 seconds, taking his breath away. He states he feels like he has to breathe shallowly to keep it from recurring. The only thing that makes it better is lying quietly on his right side. It is much worse when he takes a deep breath. He has taken some Tylenol and put a heating pad on his side but neither has helped. He remembers that 2 weeks ago he had an upper respiratory infection with a severe hacking cough. He denies any recent trauma. His past medical history is unremarkable. His parents and siblings are in good health. He has recently married, and his wife has a baby due in 2 months. He denies any smoking or illegal drug use. He drinks two to three beers once a month. He states that he eats a healthy diet and runs regularly, but not since his recent illness. He denies any cardiac, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal symptoms. On examination he is lying on his right side but appears quite comfortable. His temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respirations are unremarkable. His chest has normal breath sounds on auscultation. Percussion of the chest is unremarkable. During palpation the ribs are nontender. What disorder of the chest best describes his symptoms?

A. Pericarditis B. Chest wall pain C. Pleural pain D. Angina pectoralis

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The patient's symptoms of intermittent, sharp chest pain with breathing that worsens with deep breaths and is relieved by lying on the right side are suggestive of pleural pain. Pleuritic chest pain is often described as sharp or stabbing and occurs when the parietal pleura, the outer lining of the lungs, becomes inflamed or irritated. In this case, the patient's history of an upper respiratory infection with a severe hacking cough two weeks ago suggests that the pleural pain may be related to pleurisy or pleuritis, which can occur as a complication of respiratory infections.

Question 5 of 5

In obtaining a history, you note that a patient uses the word "largely" repeatedly, to the point of being a distraction to your task. Which word best describes this speech pattern?

A. Clanging B. Echolalia C. Confabulation D. Perseveration

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Perseveration is a speech pattern characterized by repeating a particular word, phrase, or topic excessively, even when it is no longer relevant to the conversation. In this scenario, the patient's repetitive use of the word "largely" to the point of distraction is indicative of perseveration. This can be a symptom of various neurological or psychiatric conditions, highlighting the importance of recognizing and addressing this speech pattern during the patient interview.

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Skildor

ATI RN