microbiology a systems approach test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Imipenem. Imipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic effective against multiple-resistant microorganisms due to its broad spectrum and resistance to beta-lactamases. It is often used as a last resort for severe infections. Ampicillin (A) and Penicillin (B) are both beta-lactam antibiotics that are less effective against multiple-resistant microorganisms due to widespread resistance mechanisms. Augmentin (C) is a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which may have limited efficacy against certain resistant strains but is not as effective as imipenem for treating infections caused by multiple-resistant microorganisms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus belongs to the family Arenaviridae. This virus is a well-known member of the Arenaviridae family and is associated with various diseases. Option A is incorrect as Arenaviruses can be isolated from clinical materials using suitable methods. Option B is incorrect because Arenaviruses replicate in the cytoplasm, not the nucleus. Option D is incorrect as Arenaviruses can infect various hosts, not just humans. Therefore, the statement that lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus belongs to the family Arenaviridae is true.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reaction haemagglutination inhibition. This method is used to detect antibodies against influenza viruses by measuring the ability of the patient's serum to inhibit haemagglutination. This is a specific and sensitive technique for detecting influenza antibodies. A: Agglutination reaction is not specific for influenza viruses and may give false positives. B: Precipitation reaction in agar gel is not typically used for detecting influenza antibodies. D: Ration haemagglutination is not a standard method for detecting influenza antibodies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Binary fission is the correct answer for bacterial replication because it is the process by which bacteria divide into two identical daughter cells. During binary fission, the bacterial cell replicates its DNA, forms a septum dividing the cell into two, and eventually splits into two daughter cells. This process is specific to prokaryotic cells such as bacteria and is different from mitosis and meiosis, which are processes specific to eukaryotic cells. Cytokinesis is the final step of cell division in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, but it is not the primary mechanism of bacterial replication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Actinomycotic granules are colonies of actinomycetes located in purulent secretions. Step 2: Actinomycosis is a disease caused by actinomycetes forming these granules. Step 3: Actinomycotic granules are typically found in tissue exudates or pus. Step 4: Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately describes actinomycotic granules. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because actinomycotic granules are not a form of actinomycosis itself, but a characteristic of the disease. Choice B is incorrect as actinomycotic granules are not an additional outer membrane but rather colonies of actinomycetes. Choice D is incorrect as actinomycotic granules are not intracellular inclusions but extracellular colonies found in purulent secretions.