ATI RN
Endocrinology Exam Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
All are features of diabetic ketoacidosis except:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperthermia is not a typical feature of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is typically characterized by high blood sugar levels, ketone accumulation, metabolic acidosis, dehydration, drowsiness, and, in severe cases, unconsciousness. Common symptoms include drowsiness, dehydration, and air hunger (deep and rapid breathing). However, hyperthermia, which refers to an elevated body temperature, is not a characteristic typically associated with DKA. It is important to monitor and manage DKA promptly as it is a serious complication of diabetes that requires immediate medical attention.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following statements best describes an Addisonian crisis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An Addisonian crisis, also known as an acute adrenal crisis, is a life-threatening medical emergency that occurs due to severe adrenal insufficiency, leading to a sudden drop in cortisol levels. Cortisol is a vital hormone produced by the adrenal glands, and its deficiency can result in serious symptoms such as hypotension, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and shock. If left untreated, an Addisonian crisis can be fatal. Therefore, the correct description of an Addisonian crisis is severe adrenal insufficiency resulting in dangerously low serum cortisol levels.
Question 3 of 5
What is the most common cause for the overproduction of growth hormone in acromegaly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acromegaly is typically caused by the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland. In around 95% of cases, this overproduction is due to the presence of a non-cancerous tumor called a pituitary adenoma. These adenomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that cause the pituitary gland to produce excessive amounts of growth hormone, leading to the characteristic symptoms of acromegaly such as enlargement of the bones and soft tissues.
Question 4 of 5
All of the following represent examples of hypothalamic-pituitary negative feedback except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis does not involve the hypothalamus or pituitary gland; instead, it primarily involves the kidneys and the renin-secreting cells. In this axis, renin is released in response to low blood pressure, leading to the formation of angiotensin II and the subsequent release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. Feedback mechanisms for this axis primarily involve the regulation of renin release based on blood pressure rather than involving direct negative feedback from downstream hormones on the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. On the other hand, choices A, B, and C all involve classic examples of hypothalamic-pituitary negative feedback loops where the end hormone suppresses the release of the stimulating hormones at the hypothalamic and pituitary levels.
Question 5 of 5
Acromegaly is associated with all of the following except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acromegaly is a disorder caused by excessive growth hormone production after the closure of the epiphyses (growth plates) in bones, leading to abnormal growth of tissues and organs. The following options are associated with acromegaly:
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