Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The right to refuse treatment is a fundamental patient right. In this case, the physician ordering medications for the client to take at home without the client's input or agreement could possibly violate the client's right to refuse treatment. It is important for patients to have the autonomy to make decisions regarding their own treatment, especially when they are still weak and symptomatic. Patients should have the opportunity to discuss their treatment plan with their healthcare provider and express any concerns or preferences they may have.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ms. Sanchez is violating the code of ethics for nurses. Nurses are expected to uphold professional behavior and maintain a positive public image. Endorsing a detergent product on TV Commercial wearing a mini skirt and a plunging neckline shirt may be seen as unprofessional and contrary to the image of a nursing professional. The code of ethics for nurses requires nurses to act with integrity, maintain professional boundaries, and avoid actions that could bring discredit to the profession. By engaging in this commercial, Ms. Sanchez is not upholding the ethical standards expected of nurses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The first responsibility of a nurse when a patient falls is to assess the patient's injury. Assessing the patient's injury immediately allows the nurse to determine the severity of the fall and provide appropriate care and interventions. It is important to assess for any signs of injury, such as pain, swelling, bruising, or altered mobility, and to address any immediate medical needs. Once the patient's injury has been assessed, the nurse can then proceed to report the incident to the head nurse, write an incident report, and notify the physician if necessary.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most significant contributory factor to the development of lung cancer is being a cigarette smoker. Cigarette smoking is directly linked to approximately 85% of lung cancer cases. The harmful substances in tobacco smoke, such as carcinogens, damage the cells in the lungs, leading to the development of cancer over time. Smokers are at a significantly higher risk of developing lung cancer compared to non-smokers. Therefore, being a cigarette smoker is the primary and most influential risk factor for developing lung cancer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Breach of duty is the element of malpractice that occurs when the nurse does not act as a reasonable, prudent person would have acted in a similar circumstance. This means that the nurse failed to uphold the standard of care expected in their practice. In a malpractice case, it must be proven that the nurse breached their duty of care towards the patient by not providing the expected level of skill and care that another reasonable nurse in the same situation would have provided.