Contemporary Ethical Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it specifies a measurable and achievable goal related to improving cardiac function through physical activities. It follows the SMART criteria (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound). Option B does not provide a specific outcome, while Option C focuses on pharmaceutical approaches rather than outcomes. Option D is unrelated to the goal of improving outcomes for heart failure patients. Thus, option A is the most appropriate choice for a well-defined and relevant outcome for the care of heart failure patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Environment. Nursing theory often includes the concept of environment, which encompasses physical, social, and psychological factors influencing a patient's health. This concept helps nurses understand the context in which care is provided and how it impacts health outcomes. Incorrect choices: B: Health - While health is a fundamental aspect of nursing, it is not specific to nursing theory concepts. C: Nursing - This is a broad term encompassing the profession itself, not a specific concept within nursing theory. D: Relevance - This term is not directly associated with nursing theory concepts and does not provide a framework for understanding nursing practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because informing the client of potential complications and impairment is essential to ensure the client makes an informed decision. This aligns with the principle of autonomy and informed consent. Choice A is incorrect as delaying notification can jeopardize the client's safety. Choice B is incorrect because using medical jargon may not effectively communicate the risks to the client. Choice D is incorrect as using restraints is a violation of the client's rights and autonomy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: bloodborne disease. Health care workers are at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as HIV and hepatitis B and C. Prevention strategies include proper use of personal protective equipment and adherence to infection control protocols. Bloodborne diseases can have serious consequences on the health and well-being of healthcare workers, leading to mortality and morbidity if not properly prevented. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Suicide - While mental health is an important concern, it is not specifically related to mortality among healthcare workers. B: Violence related injury - While workplace violence is a concern, it may not be the leading cause of mortality among healthcare workers. D: Ergonomic hazards - While important for preventing injuries, it may not directly relate to mortality among healthcare workers compared to bloodborne diseases.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: multiple-choice question item, which allows candidates to select the one correct answer. This is because the multiple-choice format is widely used in the NCLEX-RN examination as it is effective in assessing a candidate's knowledge, critical thinking skills, and ability to make decisions. The distractors in the answer choices provide clues and test the candidate's ability to differentiate between correct and incorrect information. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: fill-in-the-blank item is not the most common format for NCLEX-RN questions as candidates are indeed provided with clues from distractors in multiple-choice questions. C: multiple-response item, although requiring critical thinking, is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam. D: hot-spot item is not the most common format on the NCLEX-RN exam, and it is not necessarily written at the application level of Bloom's analysis.