Contemporary Ethical Issues in Nursing

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Grounded theory is the correct answer because it involves developing a theory based on analyzing data collected from participants. In this case, the researcher is reviewing data from a grief support group to identify patterns and themes, ultimately leading to the development of a theory on how widows and widowers mourn. Phenomenology focuses on understanding individuals' lived experiences, not developing theories. Case study involves an in-depth analysis of a single case, not suitable for developing a theory. Hypothesis generation is part of quantitative research, not qualitative research design.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Articulation. This nursing model is referred to as the "class without walls" because it focuses on seamless academic progression and collaboration between educational institutions. Articulation promotes a smooth transition of nursing students from one level of education to another, eliminating barriers and creating a cohesive learning experience. The other choices (B, C, D) do not specifically emphasize the concept of breaking down walls or barriers in education like the Articulation model does.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why Answer D is correct: 1. Ensures patient safety: RN should only accept assignments they are qualified for to provide safe care. 2. Upholds professional standards: Accepting only familiar assignments aligns with nursing scope of practice. 3. Legal and ethical responsibility: RN must prioritize patient well-being over external pressures. 4. Promotes personal growth: RN can seek additional training for unfamiliar assignments. Summary: - A: Incorrect. Accepting based on power dynamics disregards patient safety and professional ethics. - B: Incorrect. Patient safety should be the primary concern over workload. - C: Incorrect. Past handling may not guarantee appropriateness. Focus should be on personal qualification.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because obtaining the clinical nurse leader certification denotes that the individual has met the minimum level of knowledge and skills required to practice safely in that role. This certification does not grant independent practice authority as in choice C, nor is it granted by the state board of nursing as stated in choice A. Additionally, while the certification recognizes advanced skills and knowledge, it specifically signifies the minimum level needed for safe practice, making choice D incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nurse-midwifery. Nurse-midwifery was the first field of nursing to certify advanced practitioners, starting in the 1920s. Nurse-midwives provide prenatal, childbirth, and postpartum care to women. Other choices are incorrect because adult nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and nurse anesthesia programs were established after nurse-midwifery certification.