foundation of nursing practice questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Blurred vision is a common adverse effect of pilocarpine, a miotic agent commonly used for open-angle glaucoma. It occurs due to the constriction of the pupil, which can affect the patient's ability to focus clearly. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to explain to the patient that blurred vision is an expected adverse effect of the medication. This reassurance can help alleviate the patient's concerns and improve their understanding of the medication therapy. Holding the next dose and notifying the physician is not necessary in this situation as blurred vision is a known side effect and treating the patient for an allergic reaction or suggesting that the patient put on her glasses would not address the underlying cause of the blurred vision.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse's best response is option C - "AIDS isn't transmitted by casual contact." This response is accurate and provides the necessary information to address the friend's concern. It is important to educate the friend that HIV/AIDS is not transmitted through casual contact such as visiting a patient in the hospital. By stating this fact clearly, the nurse can help alleviate any unfounded fears or misconceptions the friend may have about contracting HIV while visiting the patient. This response promotes understanding and helps reduce stigma associated with HIV/AIDS, while also emphasizing the importance of accurate information in preventing the spread of the virus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Food allergies are a serious health concern that can have life-threatening consequences if not managed properly. It is important for the nurse to educate the family that food allergies are typically life-long conditions and cannot be fully cured. While some children may outgrow certain food allergies over time, it is not guaranteed for all cases. Therefore, the focus should be on effectively managing the allergy through avoidance of trigger foods, carrying emergency medications like epinephrine auto-injectors, and being prepared to respond to allergic reactions. Adjusting to the necessary lifestyle changes, such as reading food labels, informing others about the child's allergies, and being vigilant about potential allergen exposure, is essential for ensuring the child's safety and well-being. Consistent monitoring and communication with healthcare providers are also crucial components of managing food allergies on a long-term basis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A fibroadenoma is a benign breast tumor commonly found in young women. In most cases, a fibroadenoma does not require radiation therapy. However, the patient might be referred for a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and rule out any potential malignancy. While fibroadenomas can be related to hormonal changes in the body, they are not directly linked to the use of oral contraceptives. Recognizing this implication of the patient's diagnosis is essential for providing appropriate care and follow-up.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dysuria is defined as a burning or painful sensation during urination. It is a common symptom of various urinary tract infections and other conditions affecting the urinary system. Patients experiencing dysuria often describe a discomfort or burning sensation while passing urine. Therefore, the assessment finding consistent with dysuria is the presence of burning upon urination.