microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank

Questions 80

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

microbiology an introduction 12th edition test bank Questions

Question 1 of 5

A patient with a productive cough and fever had a Gram-positive cocci isolated from a sputum sample. The bacteria were catalase-positive and coagulase-negative. What is the likely microorganism?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Staphylococcus epidermidis. 1. Gram-positive cocci suggest a staphylococcal species. 2. Catalase-positive indicates it belongs to the Staphylococcus genus. 3. Coagulase-negative rules out Staphylococcus aureus. 4. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of infections in immunocompromised patients. Summary: - B: Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase-positive. - C: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive diplococci. - D: Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative diplococci.

Question 2 of 5

Subcutaneous mycoses occur predominantly in the:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Subcutaneous mycoses are fungal infections that affect the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and bones. The correct answer is A: tropics, as these infections are more commonly found in warm and humid regions. Fungi that cause subcutaneous mycoses thrive in tropical climates due to the favorable conditions for their growth and transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because deserts (B) have dry conditions not conducive to fungal growth, forests of the Northern Hemisphere (C) have varying climates that may not support the specific fungi causing subcutaneous mycoses, and the Rocky Mountains (D) are not typically associated with the high humidity required for these infections.

Question 3 of 5

A child with foul-smelling diarrhea had trophozoites with two nuclei and flagella identified in stool microscopy. What is the causative agent?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Giardia lamblia. Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that causes foul-smelling diarrhea with trophozoites having two nuclei and flagella in stool microscopy. The presence of flagella and two nuclei is characteristic of Giardia lamblia. Entamoeba histolytica (Choice B) causes amoebic dysentery with trophozoites containing ingested RBCs. Trichomonas vaginalis (Choice C) is a sexually transmitted protozoan causing vaginitis with a distinctive pear-shaped trophozoite. Balantidium coli (Choice D) is a ciliated protozoan causing diarrhea with trophozoites containing a single nucleus.

Question 4 of 5

A phage in a repressed stage is referred to as a(n)

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: prophage. In the repressed stage, a phage integrates its DNA into the host cell's chromosome, becoming a prophage. This integration allows the phage to replicate along with the host cell without causing immediate lysis. A: Antiphage is not a term used to describe a phage in a repressed stage. C: Virulent phage refers to a phage that immediately causes lysis of the host cell. D: Latent phage is not a commonly used term in this context.

Question 5 of 5

Which bacteria are capable of producing spores that can survive extreme environmental conditions?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Both A and B) because both Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus anthracis are capable of producing spores. Spores are highly resistant structures that allow bacteria to survive harsh environmental conditions. Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus anthracis produce spores as a survival mechanism when conditions become unfavorable. Choice A (Clostridium botulinum) is incorrect because it only represents one of the bacteria capable of producing spores. Choice B (Bacillus anthracis) is also incorrect as it alone does not encompass all bacteria capable of producing spores. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as both bacteria mentioned can produce spores.

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