Foundations and Adult Health Nursing Study Guide Answers

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tiotropium (Spiriva) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used for the management of COPD. A common side effect of anticholinergic medications is dry mouth. Rinsing the mouth with water after using the inhaler can help reduce the risk of developing oral thrush or other mouth infections due to dryness. This instruction helps promote good oral hygiene and decreases the potential side effects associated with tiotropium inhaler use. This teaching is important for patients to follow to ensure their overall health and well-being while using the medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation described is consistent with acute angle-closure glaucoma. This condition typically presents with sudden-onset severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On examination, the affected eye appears red, with a steamy cornea due to corneal edema and a mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil due to pupillary block from the forward displacement of the iris. Acute angle-closure glaucoma is considered a medical emergency as it can lead to permanent vision loss if not promptly treated. Prompt management involves reducing intraocular pressure to prevent further damage to the optic nerve.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Maternal anxiety can contribute to a prolonged latent phase during labor. Stress and anxiety can trigger the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline, which can interfere with the production of oxytocin, the hormone responsible for initiating contractions. This can result in irregular and ineffective contractions, leading to a prolonged latent phase. It is important for the nurse to assess the woman's anxiety levels and provide reassurance and support to help facilitate the progression of labor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient is presenting with chest pain that worsens with exertion and improves with rest, which is characteristic of stable angina. Additionally, ST-segment depression on ECG is a common finding in patients with stable angina. Stable angina is typically caused by coronary artery disease, which leads to partial obstruction of the coronary arteries resulting in inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle during periods of increased demand (such as exertion). The chest pain is usually predictable and reproducible, occurring with similar intensity and duration during episodes of exertion. Rest or nitroglycerin can help relieve the symptoms by increasing coronary blood flow. It is important to differentiate stable angina from unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, which have different management and prognostic implications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement "Commitment to continual learning and active participation in the development and growth of the profession are commendable obligations" is typically found in a profession's Code of Ethics rather than specific laws or regulations like RA 7164, RA 10912, or RA 9173. Codes of Ethics serve as guidelines for professionals to uphold ethical standards and behavior within their respective fields. These codes often emphasize the importance of ongoing learning and professional development to ensure that practitioners stay current and competent in their practice. Therefore, the statement is most likely to be part of a Code of Ethics that guides professionals in their conduct and responsibilities.