Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient's presentation of severe headache, blurred vision, and fatigue, along with the laboratory findings of elevated white blood cell count, thrombocytosis, and JAK2 V617F mutation, are characteristic of essential thrombocythemia. This is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the clonal proliferation of megakaryocytes, leading to an increased platelet count. The JAK2 V617F mutation is commonly found in essential thrombocythemia and other myeloproliferative disorders. The symptoms of essential thrombocythemia can be related to the increased blood viscosity and risk of thrombosis due to the elevated platelet count. Polycythemia vera would present with elevated red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, along with other features such as pruritus after a hot bath. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The right to refuse treatment is a fundamental patient right. In this case, the physician ordering medications for the client to take at home without the client's input or agreement could possibly violate the client's right to refuse treatment. It is important for patients to have the autonomy to make decisions regarding their own treatment, especially when they are still weak and symptomatic. Patients should have the opportunity to discuss their treatment plan with their healthcare provider and express any concerns or preferences they may have.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Urinary tract infections are strongly associated with the occurrence of preterm labor. It is important to screen for and address any urinary tract infections during pregnancy to reduce the risk of complications like preterm labor. Diagnostic procedures, such as obtaining a urine sample for testing, help healthcare providers identify and treat any infections promptly to promote a healthy pregnancy. Therefore, the nurse can explain to Patient Presley that the diagnostic procedure is necessary to detect and address any potential urinary tract infections that could impact her pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: As an epidemiology nurse, Nurse Rona's primary function and responsibility is to implement public health surveillance. Epidemiology nurses play a crucial role in monitoring and controlling the spread of diseases within communities. This involves conducting surveillance activities to identify patterns of disease occurrence, investigating outbreaks, collecting and analyzing data, and collaborating with various stakeholders to develop strategies for disease prevention and control. While providing nursing care to sick residents is important, the primary focus of an epidemiology nurse is on population-based health issues rather than individual patient care. Additionally, while Nurse Rona may assist epidemiologists in making reports and follow up cases and contacts, her main role is to implement public health surveillance to protect and promote the health of the community as a whole.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism that is characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in subcutaneous and other interstitial tissues. This condition leads to puffiness, swelling, and thickening of the skin, giving it a waxy appearance. Other symptoms of myxedema include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and hair loss. It is important to recognize and treat myxedema promptly as it can lead to serious complications such as myxedema coma, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.