Adult Health Nursing Answer Key

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient in this scenario presents with normocytic normochromic anemia, normal iron studies, and elevated serum erythropoietin levels. These findings are characteristic of anemia of chronic disease, which is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In CKD, there is a decrease in renal production of erythropoietin, leading to reduced stimulation of erythropoiesis and subsequent anemia. The normocytic normochromic anemia pattern is typical in anemia of chronic disease, as opposed to microcytic hypochromic anemia seen in iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia. Aplastic anemia is characterized by pancytopenia, which is not described in the scenario. Therefore, the most likely cause of the patient's presentation is chronic kidney disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient is most likely experiencing Type 1 diabetes mellitus based on the presentation of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, hyperglycemia, and glycosuria. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. This results in high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) and glucose spilling into the urine (glycosuria). Patients with Type 1 diabetes often present with the classic symptoms of polyuria (increased urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), and polyphagia (increased hunger) due to the body's inability to utilize glucose for energy effectively. Management of Type 1 diabetes typically involves lifelong insulin therapy to maintain blood sugar levels within a target range.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: RA 9173, also known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, is the law that declares the State policy to promote and upgrade the practice of the nursing profession in the Philippines. This law provides for the regulation and maintenance of high standards of nursing education and practice in the country. It aims to ensure the welfare and professional growth of Filipino nurses and to safeguard the health of the public by maintaining competency and professionalism in the nursing profession. Therefore, RA 9173 is the correct choice that reflects the State's policy to promote and upgrade the practice of the nursing profession in the Philippines.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most appropriate response from the nurse when a patient expresses frustration with the treatment plan proposed by the healthcare team is to empathize with the patient's frustration and explore their concerns further. It is important to actively listen to the patient, acknowledge their feelings, and address any questions or uncertainties they may have about the treatment plan. By engaging in open communication and demonstrating empathy, the nurse can foster a therapeutic relationship with the patient and work towards finding a solution that is mutually agreeable and beneficial for the patient's well-being. Dismissing the patient's concerns (Option A) or ignoring their frustration (Option C) can lead to a breakdown in communication and trust, which may ultimately impact the patient's compliance with the treatment plan. Similarly, telling the patient that they have no choice but to follow the treatment plan (Option D) can be perceived as dismissive and confrontational, which is not conducive to promoting patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nurse Filomena would consider the purpose of the health fair to be multiphasic screening. A multiphasic screening event involves offering various health screening tests at the same time to individuals within the community. These screenings aim to detect a range of health conditions early on, ultimately promoting prevention and early intervention. By organizing a health fair with several screening tests being given simultaneously, Nurse Filomena's primary goal is likely to help identify health issues in the community proactively and provide education and resources for ongoing health promotion and disease prevention. While aspects of community service, community bonding, and case finding may also be outcomes of the health fair, the focus on conducting multiple screening tests aligns most closely with the concept of multiphasic screening as the primary purpose.