ati health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging early ambulation. This is crucial post-total hip replacement to prevent complications such as blood clots, pneumonia, and muscle weakness. Early ambulation helps improve circulation, prevent stiffness, and promote faster recovery. Monitoring for infection (A) is important but not the top priority. Administering pain medications (C) and wound care (D) are essential but do not address the primary goal of preventing complications post-operatively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Health screenings such as mammograms, because secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent progression. Health screenings help identify conditions at early stages, allowing for timely intervention. Routine immunizations (A) are considered primary prevention as they prevent diseases from occurring. Smoking cessation programs (C) and health education on healthy eating (D) are examples of primary prevention, as they aim to prevent the development of diseases by promoting healthy behaviors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it directly acknowledges the patient's distress and sets the stage for gathering essential information. By stating the need to ask questions about what happened, it shows empathy and readiness to provide help. Choice A is too formal and lacks empathy. Choice B shifts the focus away from the patient's distress. Choice C is similar to D but lacks the crucial element of acknowledging the patient's emotional state. Thus, D is the best choice for an opening statement in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A blood pressure reading of 160/100 mm Hg is most concerning because it falls within the hypertensive crisis range, indicating severely elevated blood pressure that requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications like stroke or heart attack. Choices B, C, and D are within the prehypertension or mild hypertension ranges and are not as immediately concerning.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is specifically designed to detect delirium and dementia and differentiate these conditions from psychiatric mental illness. It assesses various cognitive domains such as memory, attention, language, and visuospatial abilities. Scores below the normal range on the MoCA can indicate cognitive impairment related to delirium or dementia. Choice A is incorrect because a score below 30 on the MoCA does not necessarily indicate cognitive impairment; it depends on the individual's baseline and education level. Choice B is incorrect because the MoCA primarily focuses on cognitive function rather than mood and thought processes. Choice D is incorrect because while the MoCA can be used for initial evaluation of cognitive function, it is not sufficient for evaluating changes over time. Additional tools and assessments are needed for longitudinal monitoring of cognitive changes.