jarvis health assessment test bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pernicious anemia. This condition is characterized by a deficiency in vitamin B12, leading to neurological symptoms like tingling sensations in the feet (peripheral neuropathy) and glossitis, causing the tongue to become red and painful. Polycythemia (A) is an increase in red blood cell mass, not related to the symptoms described. Micronucleus anemia (C) is not a recognized medical condition. Iron-deficiency anemia (D) can lead to symptoms like fatigue and pallor, but not typically tingling sensations in the feet or glossitis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessment. Assessment is the first step in the nursing process where data is collected through health history, physical examination, and interview. This step helps in identifying the patient's needs and health problems. Planning (A) comes after assessment and involves setting goals and creating a care plan. Diagnosis (B) is the step where nursing diagnoses are formulated based on the assessment data. Evaluation (C) is the final step where the effectiveness of the care plan is assessed. In summary, Assessment is the initial step focused on data collection, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Severity. In the PQRSTU mnemonic, "S" stands for Severity, which refers to the intensity or seriousness of the symptoms experienced by the patient. This is crucial in assessing the impact of the problem on the patient's health and well-being. Incorrect choices: A: Swelling - Swelling is a physical symptom and does not encompass all aspects of the patient's perception. B: Subjectivity - While the patient's subjective experience is important, it does not specifically refer to severity. D: Symptoms - While symptoms are part of the patient's perception, the "S" in PQRSTU specifically focuses on the severity of those symptoms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A - Administer IV fluids. This is the priority intervention for a client with suspected hypovolemia and hypotension as it helps to restore intravascular volume and improve blood pressure. IV fluids will address the underlying cause of hypotension by increasing circulating volume. Monitoring blood pressure (B) is important but administering IV fluids takes precedence. Administering corticosteroids (C) is not indicated for hypovolemia and hypotension. Administering oxygen (D) may be necessary if there is evidence of hypoxia, but addressing fluid volume status is the primary concern in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: provide culturally sensitive and appropriate care. Including cultural information in the health assessment helps healthcare providers understand the patient's beliefs, practices, and preferences, allowing for tailored care that respects the patient's cultural background. This improves communication, trust, and overall health outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because cultural information does not necessarily identify the cause of an illness. Choice B is incorrect as it overemphasizes diagnosis without considering the patient's cultural context. Choice C is incorrect as it does not directly address the importance of cultural information in healthcare.