Test Bank Pharmacology and the Nursing Process

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct nursing diagnosis is C: Impaired skin integrity. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the bacterial infection in the left lower leg by focusing on the skin's condition. The patient's skin integrity is compromised due to the infection, making this nursing diagnosis appropriate. Choice A (Infection) is too broad and does not specify the impact on the skin. Choice B (Risk for infection) is incorrect because the patient already has a bacterial infection, so the risk has already manifested. Choice D (Staphylococcal leg infection) is too specific and does not address the broader issue of skin integrity. Therefore, the best choice is C as it accurately reflects the patient's current condition and guides appropriate nursing interventions to address the impaired skin integrity caused by the bacterial infection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: It inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. Mitomycin is an alkylating agent that works by cross-linking DNA, preventing DNA synthesis and leading to cell death. This mechanism of action makes it effective against rapidly dividing cells like cancer cells. Choice B, inhibiting ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis, is incorrect as mitomycin primarily targets DNA synthesis. Choice C, being cell cycle-phase specific, is incorrect as mitomycin affects cells in all phases of the cell cycle. Choice D, inhibiting protein synthesis, is incorrect because mitomycin's primary mode of action is on DNA replication, not protein synthesis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: An intravenous set-up. Checking for an intravenous set-up is crucial to ensure that Mrs. Zeno is receiving necessary medications or fluids. It allows the nurse to monitor the infusion rate, prevent potential complications like infiltration, and ensure proper medication administration. A tracheostomy set (A) may be important for respiratory support but not essential for immediate safety. A hypothermia blanket (B) is used for temperature management and not directly related to Mrs. Zeno's immediate safety. A syringe and edrophonium HCl (D) are specific to a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis and not necessary for general bedside safety assessment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas. 2. Beta cells are responsible for monitoring blood glucose levels and secreting insulin in response to high glucose levels. 3. Insulin helps regulate blood glucose by facilitating glucose uptake into cells. 4. Adenohypophysis secretes other hormones, not insulin. 5. Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon, not insulin. 6. Parafollicular cells of the thyroid secrete calcitonin, not insulin. Summary: Choice C is correct because insulin is indeed secreted from the beta cells of the pancreas. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not secrete insulin or are related to other hormones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: It minimizes the risk of circulatory overload. When a venous access device dislodges during a transfusion, there is a risk of the infusion going into the surrounding tissues instead of the vein, leading to circulatory overload. This can result in fluid overload and potentially lead to serious complications such as heart failure. Monitoring the device ensures that the medication is delivered safely and effectively into the bloodstream. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: Monitoring the device does not directly minimize the risk of phlebitis, which is inflammation of the vein. C: Monitoring the device does not directly minimize the risk of pulmonary complications, which are not typically associated with a dislodged venous access device. D: Monitoring the device does not directly minimize the risk of localized edema embolism, which is a blockage caused by a blood clot, air bubble, or other material in a blood vessel.