foundations of nursing test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Personality changes. Metastases to the brain can affect cognitive function and behavior, leading to personality changes. This is due to the impact on specific areas of the brain responsible for personality and behavior. Chronic pain (A) is more commonly associated with advanced cancer and not specific to brain metastases. Respiratory distress (B) is more likely related to lung cancer itself, not brain metastases. Fixed pupils (C) may indicate brainstem involvement, but personality changes are a more direct and common manifestation of brain metastases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Application of topical antibiotic ointment. After enucleation, there is a risk of infection at the surgical site. By applying topical antibiotic ointment as directed, the patient can help prevent infection and promote healing. This is a crucial aspect of postoperative care. B: Maintenance of a supine position for the first 48 hours postoperative is incorrect. Patients may be advised to avoid lying flat on their back to prevent complications such as pressure on the surgical site. C: Fluid restriction to prevent orbital edema is incorrect. Fluid restriction is not typically necessary post-enucleation unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider. D: Administration of loop diuretics to prevent orbital edema is incorrect. Loop diuretics are not typically used for preventing orbital edema post-enucleation. E: Use of an ocular pressure dressing is incorrect. While dressings may be used postoperatively, the application of topical antibiotic ointment is more

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Avoid rubbing or scratching the affected area Rationale: 1. Rubbing or scratching can further damage the already compromised skin integrity. 2. By avoiding rubbing or scratching, the patient reduces the risk of infection and delayed healing. 3. This intervention promotes skin healing and prevents worsening of the condition. Summary: A: Applying ice pack or heating pad may provide temporary relief but does not address the root cause of impaired skin integrity. B: Avoiding skin contact with water is not necessary and may not directly improve skin integrity. C: Phototherapy is not indicated for erythematous reactions to radiation therapy and may not address the issue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - The patient should also be treated for chlamydia. Rationale: 1. Gonorrhea and chlamydia often coexist, so it is crucial to treat both infections to prevent complications. 2. Treating only gonorrhea may not fully resolve the patient's symptoms or prevent reinfection. 3. Dual therapy for gonorrhea and chlamydia is recommended to ensure optimal care for the patient. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: The patient may benefit from oral contraceptives - This is not directly related to the treatment of gonorrhea. B: The patient must avoid use of tampons - This is not a standard recommendation for managing gonorrhea. C: The patient is susceptible to urinary incontinence - This is not a typical complication of gonorrhea.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prostatitis. The patient's symptoms of perineal discomfort, burning, urgency, frequency with urination, and pain with ejaculation are indicative of prostatitis. Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland, leading to these symptoms. Varicocele (A) is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, usually painless. Epididymitis (B) is inflammation of the epididymis, causing scrotal pain and swelling. Hydrocele (D) is a fluid-filled sac around the testicle, typically painless. The patient's symptoms align most closely with prostatitis due to the involvement of the prostate gland and the specific urinary and ejaculatory symptoms experienced.