foundation of nursing questions and answers

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The specific hormones secreted by the tumor. Pituitary adenomas are known to secrete hormones that can lead to various endocrine disorders. Understanding the specific hormones secreted by the tumor is crucial in determining the clinical manifestations and planning appropriate treatment. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the primary determinant of the effects of the tumor in this case is the hormonal activity rather than whether the tumor uses aerobic or anaerobic respiration, the patient's pre-existing health status, or whether the tumor is primary or metastatic.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use parents rather than guardian. This is the most inclusive and respectful choice for LGBT patients as it acknowledges different family structures. LGBT individuals may have non-traditional family dynamics, so using "parents" instead of "guardian" is more appropriate. Option A is incorrect because not all LGBT individuals are in partnerships. Option B is incorrect as it assumes traditional gender roles. Option D is incorrect as not all LGBT individuals may identify with the terms "wife" or "husband."

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Constipation. When a patient is receiving opioids, constipation is a common side effect due to decreased gut motility. It is a priority assessment because untreated constipation can lead to serious complications such as bowel obstruction. Monitoring for constipation allows for early intervention with stool softeners or laxatives to prevent complications. Incorrect choices: A: Clostridium difficile - While important to consider in patients on antibiotics, it is not directly related to opioid use. C: Hemorrhoids - Although opioids can contribute to constipation which may exacerbate hemorrhoids, it is not the priority assessment. D: Diarrhea - Opioids typically cause constipation, so diarrhea is less likely to be a priority concern in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hydrocele. A hydrocele is the collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis of the testes. This condition is common in newborns and can also occur in adolescents. Cryptorchidism (A) is the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. Orchitis (B) is inflammation of the testicles. Prostatism (D) is a non-specific term related to prostate issues, not relevant to the given scenario. Therefore, the correct diagnosis for an adolescent with fluid collection in the tunica vaginalis of his testes is hydrocele.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct initial action for the school nurse is to assess for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (Choice A). This is crucial as anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening and requires immediate intervention. Assessing for anaphylaxis symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, and a rapid pulse helps the nurse quickly identify the severity of the situation. Administering OTC antihistamines (Choice C) or epinephrine (Choice D) should only be done after confirming the presence of anaphylaxis. Assessing for erythema and urticaria (Choice B) is important but not as immediate as assessing for signs of anaphylaxis in this scenario.