health assessment test bank jarvis

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Limit phosphorus and potassium intake. Patients with chronic kidney disease often have difficulty excreting phosphorus and potassium, leading to potential complications. Limiting phosphorus and potassium intake can help prevent further kidney damage and maintain electrolyte balance. Prioritizing this dietary recommendation is crucial for managing the progression of the disease. Incorrect choices: A: Increasing protein intake can put additional strain on the kidneys and may lead to further deterioration of kidney function. B: Increasing potassium intake can be dangerous for patients with chronic kidney disease as they may have difficulty regulating potassium levels. D: Decreasing fluid intake may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the priority in terms of managing chronic kidney disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking the patient to rate pain intensity using a scale (like 0-10) provides a standardized measure of pain perception. This quantitative data helps healthcare providers assess pain severity accurately and track changes over time. Asking about allergies (B) is important but not directly related to pain assessment. Asking the patient to describe the pain (C) provides qualitative information but may not be as reliable or consistent as a numerical rating. Measuring pain intensity using a scale (D) is similar to the correct answer but does not involve the patient's subjective input, which is crucial in pain assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reorient the client. Reorientation helps the confused client regain awareness of their surroundings, time, and situation post-operatively. It can improve their cognition and reduce anxiety. Notifying the healthcare provider (A) may be necessary but not the primary concern. Increasing circulation (C) is important but not the first step for a confused post-op client. Assessing pain (D) is important but addressing confusion takes precedence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 12. At 18 months, a child should have 12 teeth, which include 8 incisors and 4 molars. This is because children typically start teething around 6 months, with the lower central incisors coming first. By 18 months, they should have all 8 incisors and usually the first set of molars. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the typical dental development timeline for children. Having only 6, 8, or 16 teeth at 18 months would indicate a delay or abnormality in dental growth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Turn the client every two hours. This action helps prevent pressure ulcers by relieving pressure on specific areas of the body. Turning the client redistributes pressure, promotes circulation, and reduces the risk of tissue damage. It is a crucial part of pressure ulcer prevention in immobile or bedridden patients. Increasing protein intake (B) may aid in wound healing but does not directly prevent pressure ulcers. Encouraging rest (C) may not address the root cause of pressure ulcers. Applying dressings to wounds (D) is a treatment for existing ulcers, not prevention.