health assessment test bank jarvis

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because stopping medication once blood pressure returns to normal can lead to a relapse of hypertension. Step 1: Educate the patient that hypertension is a chronic condition requiring long-term management. Step 2: Explain the importance of continuing medication even when blood pressure is controlled. Step 3: Emphasize the risks of stopping medication abruptly. Other choices are incorrect because they promote positive behaviors for hypertension management: A: Monitoring blood pressure is essential. B: Taking medication consistently is crucial. C: Avoiding high-sodium foods helps control blood pressure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking "Why haven't you taken your insulin?" may put the patient on the defensive. This question can come across as accusatory or judgmental, potentially making the patient feel guilty or defensive. It may hinder open communication and lead to a breakdown in the nurse-patient relationship. Explanation of other choices: B: While the question may be an attempt to gather information, it lacks sensitivity and may not promote open dialogue. C: Involving the patient's wife without the patient's consent may breach confidentiality and undermine the patient's autonomy. D: While asking the question may reveal reasons for the behavior, it is not the best approach as it can create a barrier to effective communication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increasing physical activity and reducing salt intake. Firstly, increasing physical activity helps lower blood pressure by improving heart health and circulation. Secondly, reducing salt intake helps decrease fluid retention and lower blood pressure. The other choices are incorrect because B: Increasing alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure, C: Decreasing physical activity is counterproductive, and D: Increasing sodium intake can lead to higher blood pressure due to fluid retention. Prioritizing physical activity and reducing salt intake are evidence-based lifestyle changes to manage hypertension effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immobilize the spine. This is the first priority because it helps prevent further injury to the spinal cord. By immobilizing the spine, the nurse ensures that any movement doesn't worsen the existing injury. Placing the client in a supine position (B) can be done after immobilization. Administering analgesics (C) should not be done before assessing the extent of the injury. Assessing the airway (D) is important but should come after immobilizing the spine to prevent any unnecessary movement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: all of the above. Alcohol use can impair judgment leading to risky sexual behaviors. Certain sexual practices like unprotected sex or having multiple partners increase STD risk. Oral contraception does not protect against STDs. Therefore, all factors (A, B, C) collectively increase the risk of STDs.