Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placing the patient on an alternating pressure mattress demonstrates evidence-based practice in pressure injury prevention. Alternating pressure mattresses are designed to change pressure points by alternating pressure across different parts of the body, reducing the risk of pressure injuries. Regularly turning and repositioning the patient (Choice B) is also important in preventing pressure injuries, but an alternating pressure mattress provides additional support and prevention measures. Applying moisturizing lotion (Choice A) and massaging bony prominences (Choice D) may be beneficial for skin care, but they are not proven strategies for pressure injury prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecologic condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, commonly on structures within the pelvis. The classic symptoms of endometriosis include cyclic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea (painful periods), and infertility. On pelvic examination, tender nodules or masses may be palpated along the uterosacral ligaments. These nodules are often referred to as "endometriotic implants" or "chocolate cysts." Endometriosis can cause inflammation, scarring, and adhesions in the pelvis, leading to symptoms such as pain and infertility. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by ovarian dysfunction and hormonal imbalances, often leading to irregular periods and symptoms related to excess androgens. Adenomyosis is the presence of endometrial tissue within the myometrium of the uterus, leading

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The presentation described is characteristic of a parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid adenomas are benign neoplasms that can present as painless, well-defined nodules usually located in the lower pole of the thyroid gland or in close proximity, such as the lateral aspect of the neck above the clavicle. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of a parathyroid adenoma typically reveals polygonal cells with abundant granular cytoplasm, often referred to as chief cells. This is key in differentiating it from other conditions mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within the ovaries, which can be visualized on ultrasound. Women with PCOS often experience menstrual irregularities such as irregular periods or no periods, as well as symptoms of hyperandrogenism like hirsutism (excessive hair growth) and acne. Other common features of PCOS include insulin resistance and obesity. It is important to note that not all women with PCOS will have ovarian cysts, but the presence of multiple cysts is a common finding in this condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The first step that a nurse must keep in mind to start a nursing improvement project is to determine the nursing standards. This is crucial because nursing standards provide guidelines and benchmarks for quality care delivery. By identifying and understanding the established standards, nurses can assess current practices, identify areas that need improvement, and develop strategies to enhance patient care. Setting a clear foundation based on nursing standards is essential before moving forward with implementing corrective actions, determining findings for correction, or collecting data. Understanding and aligning with nursing standards from the outset ensures that the improvement project is focused on promoting best practices and achieving positive outcomes for patients.