health assessment in nursing test bank

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory failure. In chronic asthma, persistent inflammation and airway remodeling can lead to worsening lung function and respiratory distress, ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress such as increased work of breathing, decreased oxygen saturation, and altered mental status is crucial. A: Hypoglycemia is not a typical complication of asthma. B: Oxygen toxicity is not a common complication in asthma management unless high concentrations of supplemental oxygen are administered for prolonged periods. C: Hyperkalemia is not directly associated with asthma but may occur as a complication of certain asthma treatments or comorbid conditions. Therefore, the priority complication to monitor in a patient with chronic asthma is respiratory failure due to the progressive nature of the disease and the potential for acute exacerbations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking about future plans post-hospital discharge assesses judgment by evaluating the individual's ability to make considered decisions and anticipate consequences. Choice A focuses on paranoia, not judgment. Choice C assesses interpretation skills, not judgment. Choice D evaluates honesty or ethics, not judgment. Therefore, B is the best choice for assessing judgment.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: First Nations people. First Nations people in Canada have historically faced systemic barriers to healthcare, leading to higher rates of infant mortality compared to other groups. This includes socio-economic factors, access to quality healthcare, and cultural differences impacting healthcare practices. European Canadians, Asian Canadians, and African Canadians do not face the same level of disparities and risk factors contributing to infant mortality rates as First Nations people. It is essential for healthcare providers to understand these disparities to address the health needs of First Nations communities effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 55-64 years. This age group has exceeded that of people aged 15-24 due to factors like increased life expectancy, lower birth rates, and the aging baby boomer population. This demographic shift impacts workforce, healthcare, and social services. Choice A is incorrect as it represents the youngest age group. Choice B is incorrect as it falls within the working-age group. Choice D is incorrect as it represents the elderly population, which is still lower than the 55-64 age group in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ask the patient to lie flat and breathe normally. This position allows for optimal lung expansion, making it easier to hear breath sounds accurately. Asking the patient to lie flat also provides a consistent baseline for comparison across different patients. A: Asking the patient to take deep breaths before auscultation may alter their normal breathing pattern and make it difficult to assess baseline lung sounds accurately. B: Having the patient sit upright can be helpful for certain assessments, but lying flat is preferred for auscultating lung sounds. C: Examining for symmetry is important but not directly related to the optimal position for auscultation.