geriatric nursing exam questions with rationale

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because using large size fonts on written material is important for elderly individuals in assisted living facilities who may have visual impairments. This accommodation ensures that the residents can easily read and understand the information being presented. This is crucial for effective communication and engagement in the educational program. A: While using simple language is generally beneficial, the primary concern for this specific population is visual accessibility rather than language complexity. C: Providing the program in a quiet area is important for minimizing distractions, but it is not as critical as ensuring the residents can read the material. D: While building on prior knowledge is a good practice in teaching, it is secondary to ensuring that the information is visually accessible to the residents.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately reflects the multifactorial nature of diabetes in older adults. Age-related changes, coupled with lifestyle factors like poor diet and lack of exercise, contribute to the high incidence of diabetes in this population. This statement acknowledges the complexity of diabetes in older adults. B is incorrect because while nurses should have knowledge about diabetes in older adults, the statement does not specifically address the multifactorial nature of the disease in this population. C is incorrect because ethnicity can indeed play a role in diabetes risk and should not be dismissed outright. D is incorrect because the development of diabetes is not considered a normal age-related change; it is a medical condition that can be influenced by various factors.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because regular physical activity and joint mobility exercises help improve joint flexibility, reduce pain, and increase strength. This intervention can enhance overall physical function and quality of life for older adults with arthritis. Complete bed rest (A) can lead to muscle weakness and joint stiffness, worsening arthritis symptoms. Increased use of opioid painkillers (C) can have adverse side effects and may not address the root cause of arthritis. Strictly limiting daily activities (D) can lead to decreased mobility and functional decline in older adults.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because learning advanced knitting techniques adds to the existing knowledge base of older women. This activity stimulates cognitive functioning, enhances problem-solving skills, and fosters creativity. It also helps maintain mental acuity and memory. Choice A is incorrect because although knitting may involve hand movements, it primarily benefits cognitive functions. Choice B is incorrect as the primary focus is on individual learning rather than group cohesion. Choice C is incorrect as the main purpose of the activity is intellectual growth rather than social interaction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum triiodothyronine (T3) and gastric pepsin. Aging typically leads to a decrease in serum T3 levels due to reduced thyroid function. Gastric pepsin production also decreases with age, impacting digestion. A: Creatinine clearance and insulin secretion typically decrease with kidney and pancreatic function decline, not necessarily solely due to aging. B: Blood CO2 levels and saliva production are not directly affected by aging but can be influenced by various health conditions. C: Left ventricle-wall thickness may increase with age due to conditions like hypertension, and skin healing time can be affected by various factors other than just aging. In summary, the correct answer stands out as age-related declines in serum T3 and gastric pepsin levels are more directly linked to the aging process compared to the other choices.