ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Regular insulin typically exhibits a peak effect approximately 1 to 5 hours after administration. It is important for clients to be aware of this timing to ensure optimal management of their blood glucose levels. Insulin glargine, NPH insulin, and Insulin lispro have different onset and peak times compared to Regular insulin, making them less likely to match the desired peak effect within the specified time frame.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: An adverse effect of prochlorperazine is acute dystonia, which is evidenced by spasms of the muscles in the face, neck, and tongue. Diphenhydramine is used to suppress extrapyramidal effects of prochlorperazine, making it the most appropriate choice to address the client's spasms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Regular insulin, also known as short-acting insulin, typically exhibits a peak effect around 1 to 5 hours following administration. This rapid onset and peak effect make it suitable for managing postprandial glucose levels. In contrast, Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin with no pronounced peak effect, NPH insulin has an intermediate duration of action, and Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that peaks within 30 minutes to 2.5 hours after administration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. A 17-year-old can receive the influenza vaccine via nasal spray (LAIV) even if they have a hypersensitivity to penicillin, as this is not a contraindication for the influenza immunization. Therefore, in this scenario, the 17-year-old with a hypersensitivity to penicillin is a candidate for the nasal spray vaccine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), can cause hyperkalemia by affecting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to detect and manage any potential hyperkalemia, which can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias.