ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ciprofloxacin should not be taken with dairy products due to the interference of calcium with medication absorption. To ensure optimal effectiveness, the client should be advised to take Ciprofloxacin 1 hour before or 2 hours after consuming dairy products.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Urinary retention is a common anticholinergic effect associated with amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant. Amitriptyline can cause relaxation of the bladder sphincter muscles, leading to urinary retention. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to prevent complications and ensure prompt intervention if needed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the scenario described, the client is exhibiting signs of fluid overload, which can occur during blood transfusion. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, is commonly prescribed in such situations to help relieve manifestations of circulatory overload by promoting diuresis and reducing fluid volume. Therefore, the correct choice is C - Furosemide.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it can cause potassium retention, leading to elevated potassium levels. A potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and indicates hyperkalemia, which can be a serious condition. Therefore, this finding should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction is to apply the Nitroglycerin transdermal patch to a hairless area of skin. This is important for proper absorption of the medication. Additionally, rotating the patch to different sites each day helps prevent skin irritation and ensures optimal therapeutic effect. Applying the patch to the same site each day can lead to skin irritation or tolerance development. Removing the patch at night is not necessary as the patch is typically worn continuously to provide a consistent level of medication. Covering the patch with a heating pad is contraindicated as it can increase drug absorption, potentially leading to adverse effects.