Nursing Process NCLEX Questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Client's spouse. In the case of an unconscious client, the spouse is the primary source of information about the client's medical history, medications, allergies, and recent events. This information is crucial for providing appropriate care. Medical records may not be immediately accessible. Diagnostic tests provide limited historical information. Nursing assessment relies on the client's condition, which may not provide comprehensive information.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Where is the pain located? In the PQRST mnemonic, "P" stands for provocation, "Q" for quality, "R" for region/radiation, "S" for severity, and "T" for timing. The question "Where is the pain located?" corresponds to the "R" component, which is region/radiation. This question helps the nurse identify the specific area where the pain is localized, which can provide valuable information for diagnosis. Explanation of other choices: B: What causes the pain? This question relates more to the "P" component, which is provocation, rather than the region/radiation aspect. C: Does it come and go? This question pertains to the "T" component, which is timing, focusing on the pattern of the pain rather than the specific location. D: What does the pain feel like? This question is more aligned with the "Q" component, which is quality,

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because teaching the client about both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic methods for managing hypertension is a crucial nursing intervention to empower the client in their self-care and treatment plan. This intervention helps the client understand the importance of lifestyle modifications and medication adherence in controlling blood pressure. A: The nurse taking the temperature in different positions is not directly related to assessing hypertension. C: Taking BP in different positions is important for orthostatic hypotension, not specifically for hypertension. D: Weighing the client each morning is not a direct nursing intervention for assessing hypertension.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Repositioning a patient who is on bed rest is a nursing intervention as it involves direct patient care to prevent complications like pressure ulcers. Step 2: Nursing interventions aim to promote patient health, prevent illness, and provide comfort. Step 3: Ordering chest x-ray and prescribing antibiotics are medical interventions, beyond the scope of nursing practice. Step 4: Teaching preoperative exercises falls under nursing education but not a direct nursing intervention involving patient care. Summary: Choice C is correct as it aligns with the essence of nursing interventions focusing on patient care and wellbeing. Choices A, B, and D involve actions that are not within the scope of nursing interventions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Orthopnea is a classic symptom of congestive heart failure (CHF) due to fluid accumulation in the lungs when lying flat. Step 2: This symptom occurs because when lying down, the fluid redistributes, making it harder to breathe. Step 3: Fever (choice B) is not typically associated with CHF unless there is an underlying infection. Step 4: Weight loss (choice C) is more indicative of conditions like cancer or malnutrition, not CHF. Step 5: Calf pain (choice D) is more commonly associated with deep vein thrombosis, not CHF. Summary: Orthopnea is the best assessment finding indicating CHF, while the other choices are more likely related to different health conditions.