Nursing Process Practice Questions

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct response is C: �Would you like to meet with your family and your physician about this matter?� Rationale: 1. Involving the family and physician ensures a collaborative decision-making process. 2. It respects the client's autonomy and involves them in the decision-making process. 3. It promotes open communication and support from loved ones. 4. It addresses the client's concerns about continuing treatment based on family wishes. Summary: A: Refers to psychological support, but the client's primary concern is medical treatment decisions. B: Involves religious support, which may not align with the client's beliefs or address the medical decision. D: Acknowledges the client's feelings but lacks a collaborative approach involving family and healthcare team.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the internal mammary and internal thoracic arteries in the chest are commonly used for grafting due to their size, durability, and long-term patency. These arteries have a better track record for successful grafting procedures compared to the other options. The basic and cephalic veins in the arm (Option A) are typically used for venous procedures, not arterial grafting. The saphenous vein in the leg (Option C) is also commonly used for grafting, but the internal mammary and internal thoracic arteries are preferred for their better outcomes. The radial artery in the arm (Option D) is less commonly used for grafting compared to the internal mammary and internal thoracic arteries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). PCP is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS due to the weakened immune system, making patients vulnerable to this fungal infection. PCP is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients. Toxoplasmosis (B) is also common but not as prevalent as PCP in AIDS. Candidiasis (C) is a common fungal infection but not the most common in AIDS. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (D) is a bacterial infection and not typically considered an opportunistic infection in AIDS.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: axilla. When using crutches, weight should primarily be supported on the axilla to prevent nerve and blood vessel damage in the armpit area. Supporting weight on the upper arms (B) can lead to nerve compression and muscle strain. Supporting weight on the elbows (C) can cause nerve damage and discomfort. Supporting weight on the hands (D) can lead to hand and wrist pain and may not provide stable support. Therefore, the axilla is the most appropriate area to support weight while using crutches to ensure safety and comfort for the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because developing a standard formal nursing diagnosis helps nurses focus on the scope of their practice. By identifying specific patient problems and their potential causes, nurses can provide appropriate interventions and evaluate patient outcomes effectively. This process enhances the quality of care delivery and promotes patient safety. A: This is incorrect because nursing diagnoses are not meant to be a language exclusive to nurses but rather a standardized way to communicate patient data. B: This is incorrect as nursing diagnoses are not about distinguishing roles but rather about identifying and addressing patient problems. C: This is incorrect as nursing diagnoses are based on evidence and critical thinking, not solely on intuition.