ATI Pharmacology

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The presence of red blood cells in the urine can indicate nephrotoxicity, which is a potential adverse effect of gentamicin. Gentamicin can cause damage to the kidneys, leading to the presence of red blood cells in the urine as a sign of renal impairment. Monitoring for this finding is crucial to detect and manage adverse reactions promptly.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ulcerations in the mouth, tongue, or throat are often the first signs of methotrexate toxicity and should be reported to the provider immediately.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client using a Nitroglycerin transdermal patch is to remove the patch each day, usually at bedtime, to prevent tolerance. The client should then apply a new patch the next morning. This practice helps maintain the effectiveness of the medication and prevents the body from becoming accustomed to the continuous presence of nitroglycerin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Orthostatic hypotension.' Amitriptyline can lead to orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, which can cause dizziness and increase the risk of falls. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client for signs of orthostatic hypotension, such as dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions, and to educate the client to move slowly when transitioning from lying or sitting to standing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Conjugated equine estrogens are contraindicated in individuals with a history of thrombophlebitis due to the increased risk of thrombotic events associated with estrogen use. Thrombophlebitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and blood clot formation in the veins, and estrogen therapy can exacerbate this condition, leading to serious complications such as deep vein thrombosis. Therefore, caution is advised when considering estrogen therapy in clients with a history of thrombophlebitis to prevent adverse outcomes.