basic geriatric nursing 8th edition test bank

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: high likelihood of orthostatic hypotension upon rising quickly. Orthostatic hypotension is a common issue in the elderly, causing a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up quickly, leading to dizziness and falls. This factor directly contributes to the high incidence of falls in the elderly. Increased muscle mass and tone (A) actually reduce the risk of falls, while improving eyesight in dim light (C) would decrease the risk. Constipation (D) is not directly related to falls in the elderly.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Healthy People 2020 focuses on improving the health and well-being of all individuals, including older adults. Step 2: Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults is crucial to ensure quality care. Step 3: This issue aligns with the goal of promoting quality of care and safety for older adults. Step 4: Other choices are not directly addressed in Healthy People 2020 goals. Summary: Choice C is correct as it directly relates to improving the care of older adults, while the other choices focus on specific issues not highlighted in Healthy People 2020.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Integration of gerontological content throughout the curriculum. This is because integrating gerontological content throughout the curriculum ensures that nursing students are exposed to and learn about caring for older adults in various courses, rather than just in a standalone course. This approach better prepares students to provide holistic care to older adults in different clinical settings. A: Provision of a free-standing course in gerontology within the curriculum may limit exposure to gerontological content and may not provide a comprehensive understanding of caring for older adults. C: Requiring gerontological certification for all students before completion of a BSN program is not mentioned in the document and may not be feasible or necessary for all nursing students. D: While structured clinical experiences with older adults across the continuum of care are essential, this alone may not ensure that students receive a comprehensive education in gerontological care if the content is not integrated throughout the curriculum.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atrophy of dendrites in the cerebral cortex. With aging, there is a natural decline in brain volume and synaptic connections, leading to reduced dendritic branching and synaptic density in the cerebral cortex. This affects processing speed and cognitive functions, requiring more time for older adults to respond to questions. Rationale: A: Increased secretion of cholinesterase is not a physiological change associated with aging that would require more time for answering questions. B: Decreased secretion of neurotransmitters may occur with aging but is not the primary reason for slower processing speed in older adults. C: Loss of spinal cord and brainstem neurons is not the main factor influencing older adults' response time to questions compared to atrophy of dendrites in the cerebral cortex.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Malnutrition and dehydration. Malnutrition and dehydration are major risk factors for pressure ulcers in older adults because they can lead to poor skin integrity, reduced tissue resilience, and impaired wound healing. Lack of sleep (choice A) may contribute to overall health issues but is not a direct risk factor for pressure ulcers. Excessive physical activity (choice C) can increase the risk of injury but does not directly cause pressure ulcers. High blood pressure (choice D) is a risk factor for cardiovascular issues but is not specifically linked to the development of pressure ulcers.