ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client at risk for thrombophlebitis receives reinforcement from the LPN/LVN regarding measures to minimize its occurrence. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of this information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking frequent walks and avoiding prolonged bed rest are essential measures to promote circulation and reduce the risk of thrombophlebitis. Physical activity helps prevent blood from pooling and clotting in the veins, thus decreasing the likelihood of thrombophlebitis development.
Question 2 of 5
The client diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease should be advised to notify the dentist before dental procedures for which reason?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with rheumatic heart disease are at risk for infective endocarditis, a serious infection of the heart lining or valves, and need prophylactic antibiotics before invasive procedures, including dental work, to prevent this life-threatening complication.
Question 3 of 5
A hypertensive client who has been taking metoprolol (Lopressor) has been prescribed to decrease the dose of the medication. The client asks the nurse why this must be done over a period of 1 to 2 weeks. In formulating a response, the nurse incorporates the understanding that abrupt withdrawal could affect the client in which way?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abruptly stopping metoprolol can lead to rebound hypertension, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure due to the sudden withdrawal of the medication. Gradually tapering the dose helps the body adjust and reduces the risk of this adverse effect.
Question 4 of 5
The LPN/LVN is assisting in caring for a client in the telemetry unit and is monitoring the client for cardiac changes indicative of hypokalemia. Which occurrence noted on the cardiac monitor indicates the presence of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ST-segment depression can indicate hypokalemia, affecting the heart's electrical conduction. Hypokalemia leads to alterations in the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential, resulting in ST-segment depression on the ECG.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of angina pectoris complains of substernal chest pain. The nurse checks the client's blood pressure and administers nitroglycerin 0.4 mg sublingually. Five minutes later, the client is still experiencing chest pain. What is the next appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: If chest pain persists after the first dose of nitroglycerin, it is appropriate to administer a second dose while continuing to monitor the client's response. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator commonly used to relieve angina symptoms by dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart. Reassessing the client's response and providing a second dose may be necessary to achieve adequate pain relief and improve blood flow to the heart.
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