ATI LPN
ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When providing dietary instructions to a client with cirrhosis, which dietary restriction is important for the nurse to emphasize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A low-sodium diet is crucial for clients with cirrhosis to manage fluid retention and ascites. Excessive sodium intake can worsen fluid accumulation in the body, leading to complications. By restricting sodium intake, the client can help reduce fluid retention and maintain better overall health. Therefore, emphasizing a low-sodium diet is essential in the dietary management of cirrhosis.
Question 2 of 5
A client with cirrhosis is at risk for bleeding. Which laboratory test is most important to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In clients with cirrhosis, monitoring the Prothrombin time (PT) is crucial as it assesses the blood's ability to clot. Cirrhosis can lead to impaired liver function, affecting the synthesis of clotting factors, hence increasing the risk of bleeding. Maintaining a close watch on PT levels helps in timely intervention to prevent excessive bleeding episodes.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What should the nurse include in the patient teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients prescribed methotrexate should be advised to take folic acid supplements as prescribed. Methotrexate can deplete folic acid levels, leading to side effects. By taking folic acid supplements as directed, the patient can reduce the risk of experiencing adverse effects associated with methotrexate therapy. It is important to note that the effects of methotrexate may not be immediate, so realistic expectations should be set with the patient. Alcohol should be avoided while taking methotrexate due to potential interactions and increased risk of liver toxicity. There is no specific recommendation to limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day in relation to methotrexate therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering sevelamer (RenaGel) during lunch to a client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The client asks the nurse to bring the medication later. The nurse should describe which action of RenaGel as an explanation for taking it with meals?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sevelamer (RenaGel) binds with phosphorus in foods to prevent its absorption, which is why it should be taken with meals. By taking RenaGel with meals, it can effectively bind with phosphorus from food, reducing the amount of phosphorus absorbed by the body, thus helping to manage hyperphosphatemia in clients with ESRD.
Question 5 of 5
The healthcare professional is caring for a client with heart failure who is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are common signs of digoxin toxicity, which can lead to serious complications like dysrhythmias. Prompt intervention is crucial to prevent further harm to the client.
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