ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The mother who took her children from school due to delusions of aliens poses a significant risk to her children and herself. This situation requires immediate attention to ensure the safety and well-being of all involved.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A low-protein diet is recommended for clients with hepatic encephalopathy to reduce ammonia levels. Ammonia, a byproduct of protein metabolism, can accumulate in the blood due to impaired liver function. Elevated ammonia levels can lead to worsening hepatic encephalopathy, a condition characterized by cognitive and neurological disturbances. Therefore, by limiting protein intake, the production of ammonia is reduced, thereby helping to manage hepatic encephalopathy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A low-protein diet is crucial for patients with renal failure to reduce the generation of nitrogenous waste products like urea and creatinine, which the compromised kidneys struggle to eliminate effectively. By limiting protein intake, the production of these waste products is decreased, lessening the burden on the kidneys and helping to manage the progression of renal failure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Paracentesis is performed to relieve abdominal pressure by draining accumulated fluid in the peritoneal cavity, providing symptomatic relief for clients with ascites.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hepatic encephalopathy is the most likely condition causing confusion and disorientation in a client with liver cirrhosis. This condition is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and is characterized by cognitive impairment due to elevated ammonia levels in the blood. The build-up of ammonia affects brain function, leading to symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, and altered consciousness.