ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

Questions 63

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet Questions

Question 1 of 5

An adolescent patient seeks care in the emergency department after sharing needles for heroin injection with a friend who has hepatitis B. To provide immediate protection from infection, what medication will the nurse administer?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the immediate need is to provide passive immunity to the adolescent patient. Gamma globulin contains antibodies against hepatitis B, which can offer immediate protection. The hepatitis B vaccine provides active immunity over time but is not immediate. Fresh frozen plasma and corticosteroids are not indicated for immediate protection against hepatitis B infection.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. What advice should the nurse give regarding the administration of this medication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct advice for the administration of ferrous sulfate is to take it on an empty stomach for best absorption. This enhances the absorption of iron. If gastrointestinal upset occurs, the medication can be taken with food. Taking ferrous sulfate with dairy products or before bedtime is not recommended. Vitamin C can actually help with the absorption of iron and is often recommended to be taken alongside iron supplements to enhance absorption.

Question 3 of 5

Why is a client with ascites scheduled for a paracentesis procedure?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Paracentesis is performed to relieve abdominal pressure by draining accumulated fluid in the peritoneal cavity, providing symptomatic relief for clients with ascites.

Question 4 of 5

A client with a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is prescribed pyridostigmine (Mestinon). Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with myasthenia gravis prescribed pyridostigmine (Mestinon) is to take the medication 30 minutes before meals. This timing is crucial as it helps improve muscle strength for eating and swallowing. By taking the medication before meals, the client can experience enhanced muscle function during mealtime, which is especially important for managing the symptoms of myasthenia gravis.

Question 5 of 5

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). What is the priority nursing action?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing action for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is to administer regular insulin intravenously. Insulin helps to lower blood glucose levels and correct acidosis, which are critical in managing DKA. Oral hypoglycemic agents are not appropriate in the acute setting of DKA as they may not work quickly enough. Sodium bicarbonate may be used in some cases to correct acidosis, but insulin administration takes precedence. Providing a high-calorie diet is not appropriate initially in DKA management, as the focus is on stabilizing the patient's condition through insulin therapy and fluid/electrolyte correction.

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