ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

Questions 63

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet Questions

Question 1 of 5

An adolescent patient seeks care in the emergency department after sharing needles for heroin injection with a friend who has hepatitis B. To provide immediate protection from infection, what medication will the nurse administer?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the immediate need is to provide passive immunity to the adolescent patient. Gamma globulin contains antibodies against hepatitis B, which can offer immediate protection. The hepatitis B vaccine provides active immunity over time but is not immediate. Fresh frozen plasma and corticosteroids are not indicated for immediate protection against hepatitis B infection.

Question 2 of 5

A patient with a myocardial infarction (MI) is being treated with intravenous morphine. What is the primary reason for administering morphine to this patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary reason for administering morphine to a patient with a myocardial infarction (MI) is to reduce cardiac workload. Morphine helps in reducing preload and afterload, which ultimately improves oxygenation to the heart muscle. By decreasing the workload on the heart, morphine can alleviate symptoms and decrease the strain on the heart muscle during an MI.

Question 3 of 5

The patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis has rapid, deep respirations. What action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The rapid, deep (Kussmaul) respirations in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis indicate a metabolic acidosis, necessitating correction with a saline bolus to prevent hypovolemia, followed by insulin administration to facilitate glucose re-entry into cells. Oxygen therapy is not warranted as the increased respiratory rate is not due to hypoxemia but is compensatory in response to acidosis. Encouraging slow breathing or administering lorazepam would be inappropriate as they can worsen the acidosis by suppressing the compensatory respiratory effort.

Question 4 of 5

The healthcare provider is caring for a client who has just undergone a thyroidectomy. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Numbness and tingling around the mouth can indicate hypocalcemia, a potential complication after thyroidectomy. Hypocalcemia can occur due to inadvertent injury or removal of the parathyroid glands during the thyroidectomy, leading to decreased calcium levels. As a result, the client may experience symptoms such as numbness, tingling, muscle cramps, or spasms. Prompt intervention is necessary to prevent severe complications like tetany or seizures. Therefore, the healthcare provider should address numbness and tingling around the mouth immediately to prevent further deterioration of calcium levels and potential serious outcomes.

Question 5 of 5

A patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) is prescribed a statin medication. What should the nurse include in the patient education?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Patients prescribed statin medications should be educated to report any muscle pain or weakness to their healthcare provider promptly. Muscle pain or weakness could be a sign of rhabdomyolysis, a serious side effect associated with statin use that requires medical attention.

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