LPN Pharmacology Assessment A

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction is to take aspirin with food to prevent gastrointestinal upset. Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining, leading to potential gastrointestinal issues. Taking it with food helps reduce this risk by providing a protective layer in the stomach. This is a common recommendation to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal side effects when taking aspirin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to hyperkalemia. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent adverse effects associated with high potassium levels, such as cardiac arrhythmias.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that commonly causes hypotension by lowering blood pressure. Therefore, monitoring for hypotension is crucial to prevent potential complications in the client receiving this medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: After administering nitroglycerin, the next priority action is to monitor the client's blood pressure. Nitroglycerin can cause vasodilation and subsequent hypotension, so it is crucial to assess the client's blood pressure to prevent complications and ensure safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Removing the nitroglycerin patch at night is essential to prevent the development of tolerance. Tolerance can occur when the body gets used to a constant level of the medication, reducing its effectiveness. By removing the patch at night, the client has a drug-free period, which helps prevent tolerance and maintains the effectiveness of the nitroglycerin for angina relief.