ATI Pediatric Medications Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the muscles in the abdomen and thigh are the most suitable areas for self-administration of insulin due to consistent absorption. Choices A and B are incorrect as aspirating before injecting insulin is unnecessary, and injecting into an extremity to be exercised does not enhance absorption. Choice D is incorrect as alcohol should be used to clean the injection site instead of soap and water, which can cause skin irritation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In typhoid fever, the rash typically appears on the third day after symptoms first appear. This rash can help in diagnosing the disease along with other symptoms such as fever, malaise, and abdominal pain. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the rash in typhoid fever usually appears on the third day, not the second, fourth, or seventh day after the symptoms begin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypopituitarism is characterized by linear growth retardation with skeletal proportions normal for chronologic age. This means that although the child experiences growth retardation, their skeletal proportions are appropriate for their age, which distinguishes it from other conditions like precocious puberty or equal height and weight affectation. Choice B is incorrect as hypopituitarism does not involve precocious puberty. Choice C is wrong as it describes a different growth pattern not typical of hypopituitarism. Choice D is also incorrect as in hypopituitarism, height and weight are not equally affected, rather the focus is on linear growth retardation with normal skeletal proportions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse's best reply to Nana Esi is option C: 'Your body does not make insulin, so the insulin injections help to replace it.' In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, individuals with type 1 diabetes do not produce insulin, necessitating insulin injections for survival. Option A is incorrect as type 1 diabetes always requires insulin therapy. Option B is inaccurate as pills do not replace the function of insulin. Option D is also incorrect as there is no age restriction on using insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The mother stating that she can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy indicates a need for further instructions. Applying lotion or powder to the incision is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection. The other choices are correct: A) Balancing rest and exercise is important for recovery, C) avoiding activities where falling could occur is necessary to prevent injury, and D) avoiding large crowds helps reduce the risk of infections during the initial recovery period.