ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients prescribed thiazide diuretics should monitor their weight daily to detect significant changes indicating fluid imbalance. This monitoring helps in early detection of any issues. Additionally, patients need to be cautious about potential hypokalemia and ensure they maintain adequate hydration levels to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse's priority action in this situation is to notify the healthcare provider immediately. These symptoms, including severe pain, swelling, warmth, and redness in the leg, are indicative of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a potentially serious condition. Prompt notification of the healthcare provider is crucial to initiate appropriate diagnostic tests and interventions to prevent complications associated with DVT.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute indicates severe respiratory depression, a life-threatening side effect of opioid therapy. Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent respiratory failure. Monitoring and managing respiratory status are critical in clients receiving opioids to prevent adverse events.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing action for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is to administer regular insulin intravenously. Insulin helps to lower blood glucose levels and correct acidosis, which are critical in managing DKA. Oral hypoglycemic agents are not appropriate in the acute setting of DKA as they may not work quickly enough. Sodium bicarbonate may be used in some cases to correct acidosis, but insulin administration takes precedence. Providing a high-calorie diet is not appropriate initially in DKA management, as the focus is on stabilizing the patient's condition through insulin therapy and fluid/electrolyte correction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient with cervical cancer is receiving external-beam radiation, the radiation to the abdomen can affect organs in its path, such as the bowel, leading to complications like frequent diarrhea. Cleaning the perianal area carefully after each bowel movement is crucial to decrease the risk of skin breakdown and infection. Testing stools for blood is not necessary since inflammation associated with radiation may lead to occult blood in stools. Maintaining a low-residue diet is actually recommended to prevent bowel irritation. Radiation to the abdomen does not cause stomatitis, so inspecting the mouth and throat for thrush is not directly related to the effects of external-beam radiation in this context.