ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dextrins are a type of polysaccharides formed during the breakdown of starch. Choice A is correct because dextrins are indeed polysaccharides, not the end products of starch digestion (Choice B). They are not formed in the liver (Choice C) nor rapidly excreted (Choice D).

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'limiting.' In the analysis of the amino acid composition of foods, the amino acid that occurs in the smallest amount is referred to as the limiting amino acid. This term is used because when one essential amino acid is deficient, it limits the synthesis of proteins, making it crucial in determining protein quality. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. 'Indispensable' and 'dispensable' refer to the essentiality of amino acids, and 'complementary' does not describe the concept of the amino acid occurring in the smallest amount.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A nursing infant receives antibodies from its mother through the absorption of antibodies present in breast milk. Choice A is incorrect as anabolism and catabolism refer to metabolic processes, not the transfer of antibodies. Choice C is incorrect as the infant does not need to synthesize antibodies but directly receives them. Choice D is incorrect because while genetic inheritance plays a role in the immune system, in this case, the direct transfer of antibodies occurs through breast milk.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chylomicrons are the lipoproteins responsible for transporting dietary fat from the intestines to various tissues, including the liver. VLDL carries lipids synthesized in the liver, LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, and HDL helps transport cholesterol away from tissues to the liver for excretion. Therefore, in the context of carrying fat from a meal just consumed to the liver, chylomicrons are the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is often referred to as 'bad cholesterol' because it can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered 'good cholesterol' as it helps remove LDL from the arteries, reducing the risk of cardiovascular issues. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons are also lipoproteins that transport fats in the bloodstream, but they are not as strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease as LDL.